Nervous System
The two systems that make up the nervous system
What are the PNS and the CNS.
Small projections from the cell body that receives information.
What are dendrites?
What are receptor cells?
The small space that separates the axon terminal and the effector cell.
What is the synaptic cleft?
The part of the neuron that fires the action potential.
What is the cell body?
What is the central nervous system?
Helps insulate the axon so that the action potential may travel faster.
What are myelin sheaths?
Waves of electrical impulses that transmit information along the neuron.
What is an action potential?
The ion that enters the axon terminal once the action potential arrives, causing neurotransmitters to enter vesicles.
Calcium
Create myelin for neurons in the central nervous system.
What are oligodendrocytes?
The two systems that make up the peripheral nervous system.
What are the autonomic and somatic nervous systems?
Gaps in the myelin sheaths.
What are Nodes of Ranvier?
The resting state charge of the neuron.
What is -70mV?
The name of the effector cell in the synapse.
What is the post-synaptic cell?
When the cell returns to its negative membrane potential, it is slightly more negative than the original resting potential of -70mV.
What is hyperpolarization or the refractory period?
The two systems that make up the autonomic nervous system.
What are the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?
Type of neuron that communicates with each other to complete complex functions like thinking and storing memories.
What are interneurons or relay neurons?
When a receptor receives its stimuli, it triggers sodium ion channels in the dendrites to open, allowing Na+ to enter, increasing the voltage.
What is depolarization?
What are neurotransmitters?
Glial cells in the brain that help recycle neurotransmitters and form the blood brain barrier.
What are astrocytes?
What the somatic nervous system coordinates.
What is relaying sensory information to the brain and producing movements of the skeletal muscles?
Type of cell that provides support and nutrients to the nerves and destroy pathogens.
What are Glial cells?
Movement of an action potential along a myelinated neuron from node to node.
What is saltatory conduction?
When the body responds to a stimuli from the the spinal cord without an immediate response from the brain.
What is the reflex arc?
The function of the sympathetic nervous system.
What is the "fight or flight" response?