Government
Who was at the top of the government hierarchy in New France?
The King of France
Who were the "Runners of the Woods"?
Coureur des Bois
What were the long, rectangular plots of land called?
seigneuries
What did the Europeans want beaver fur for?
Fashion- hats. Beaver fur hats were a symbol of social status.
Who did the Acadians primarily trade with?
People from New England
Who was the head of the Catholic Church in New France responsible for religion, education, and healthcare?
The Bishop
Powerful landowners of New France
Seigneurs
Where were seigneuries located?
along the St. Lawrence River
What was established for First Nations and European Settlers to go to trade their goods?
Trading Posts
What present day provinces make up the colony of Acadia?
Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island (Canada's Maritime provinces), parts of eastern Quebec
Who was the representative of the King that managed relationships between New France and other European groups, and appointed members of the council?
The Governor
Poor farmers who rented the land from the seigneurs
Habitants
What was the expectation of habitants?
To grow crops, and pay taxes to the seigneurs
What were some items that the Europeans traded with the First Nations?
E.g. Pots, knives, muskets, blankets, coats, shoes, sugar
Which groups were fighting over Acadia?
The British and the French
Who was responsible for finance, justice, bringing settlers, and economic activity in New France?
The Intendent
What explorer founded Quebec City and established New France?
Samuel de Champlain
What was the responsibility of seigneurs?
To divide the land, build a mill and local roads, collect taxes.
How did First Nations groups help with the fur trade?
They traded pelts, acted as guides, and shared knowledge/skills essential for the fur trade.
Which Indigenous group lived in what became Acadia prior to the Europeans arriving?
The Mi'kmaq
The Governor, the Bishop, and the Intendent made up what governing body in New France?
"Daughters of the king"-young women sent to New France to marry, and start families to populate New France.
Why was the land located along the St. Lawrence river?
It provided access to water, which was used for farmer/survival, as well as transportation.
What were the differences between the Coureur des Bois and the Voyageurs?
Coureur des Bois worked independently, and were worked without permission from France while the Voyageurs were licensed and worked for trade companies (e.g. Hudson Bay Company)
Who first set up the first French Settlement in Acadia?
Samuel de Champlain