Gods
He is the father of the gods and is usually depicted with the body of a human and the head of a falcon.
who is Ra?
Hatshepsut’s mortuary temple is well preserved and Egyptologists reconstructed it during the 20th century. Some scholars believe the scientists made errors during its reconstruction. It is the centerpiece of Deir-El-Bahri and the builders carved it into the cliff face. The temple consists of several terraces with ramps leading up to the top of the different terraces. The building is 97 feet tall and most of its statues were destroyed by rulers who wanted to erase Hatshepsut’s rule.
Hatshepsut's Mortuary Temple
She was the last pharaoh of Egypt who tried to hold off the Romans under Augustus. She ruled beside three pharaohs including her young son and was the lover of Marc Antony.
who is Cleopatra?
Khufu built the Great Pyramid around 2506 BC. It is 481 feet high and 756 feet long at the base. The engineers oriented the pyramid to the cardinal points, and they were accurate to within a fraction of a degree. There are three burial chambers in or under the Great Pyramid. The first chamber built was under the Great Pyramid and it was not finished, followed on a vertical axis by the Queen's and the King's Chambers. Five small relieving chambers over the King's Chamber support the pyramid's weight. Egyptologists have found the remains of Khufu's funerary complex. Scholars excavated five boat pits, two with boats that they have reconstructed. At first, they did not think Khufu's complex had a cult pyramid, but the remains were found recently.
The Great Pyramid
Located in Upper Egypt, Dendera is home to the Dendera Temple Complex, which contains the Temple of Hathor. It is considered to be one of the best preserved temples in all of Upper Egypt. As the cult city of Hathor, The Temple of Hathor was used for many functions in ancient times including a place of pilgrimage where citizens could be miraculously cured, a hospital that practiced magical therapies as well as the central location for many festivals.
Dendera
She nourished all life with her milk and her name meant “House of Horus”. Some legends, name Hathor as the consort of Horus and she formed a Triad with him and their son Ihi.
who is Hathor?
Medinet Habu is the temple of Ramesses III. Reliefs in this temple depict the arrival and defeat of the Sea Peoples. It is 690 X 1000ft and there are over 75,000 sq. ft. of wall reliefs. A mud brick wall surrounds this temple and has aided its preservation.
Medinet Habu
He built all over Egypt and many of his statues and temples are still standing today. He is probably the most prolific of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, siring over 100 children with more than a dozen wives.
Who is Ramses?
The pyramid built by Khufu's son, Khafre, is a little smaller than the Great Pyramid. They appear to be the same size because Khafre's pyramid is at a higher elevation. Scholars have excavated most of his funerary complex, which has a unique feature, the Great Sphinx. The Egyptians carved the Great Sphinx from a sandstone outcropping, likely as a guardian to protect the Giza complexes.
Khafre's Pyramid
The site of another well-preserved temple, the Temple of Edfu, also known as The Temple of Horus, was constructed on top of earlier temples. Located in Upper Egypt, the Temple of Horus was an incredible source of information regarding ancient Egyptian political and religious thought. An enormous statue of Horus as a falcon is one of the most notable and famous statues that still stand today.
Edfu
He was the ruler of the Tuat and people would appeal to him to care for their departed ancestors. Osiris was the king of the gods until his brother killed him.
who is Osiris
The Ramesseum is the temple built by Ramesses II and it took over twenty years to complete. At least, two pylons are part of this temple and it also has a Hypostyle hall. The builders placed several monumental statues of the pharaoh in this temple. The inscriptions record some of the pharaoh’s military actions. A temple dedicated to his first wife and his mother is next to the temple. The flooding of the Nile has damaged this temple and it is not as well preserved as other examples.
The Ramesseum
She organized military campaigns and sent out trade expeditions to bring exotic goods to Egypt.
Who is Hatshepsut?
Menkaure's Pyramid is only one-tenth the size of the Great Pyramid. Instead of building a huge pyramid, Menkaure built one of more valuable stone. The base layer and the bottom sixteen layer casings were granite. Workers finished the pyramid with limestone after the pharaoh's death.
Menkaure's Pyramid
An important religious center that favored Thoth as the creator god. This cult center in Upper Egypt was called Khmun by the ancient Egyptians. Hermopolis is known for the Hermopolitan Ogdoad of eight gods who created the world which consisted of four pairs of males and females. These pairs included Amun and Amaunet, Huh and Hehet, Kek and Keket, Nun and Naunet.
Hermopolis
He was the adversary of Horus and everything that was good. Except for the red crown, people regarded the color red as an evil color because of its connection to Set. He was associated with war and strength, storms and deserts.
Who is Seth?
The temple complex at Dendera covers 40,000 square meters. Composed of several buildings from different periods, it is one of the best preserved sites of ancient Egypt. The main structure is the temple dedicated to Hathor, the goddess of love and motherhood. Notable findings in the complex are the Dendera Zodiac, the necropolis, the Dendera Light and the colorful paintings on the ceiling of the temple.
Dendera
Scholars call him the hieratic pharaoh because he forbade the worship of the old gods. He built Amarna as the center for the worship of his god, Aten.
Who is Akhenten?
Snefru also built the Red Pyramid at Dahshur, with a red limestone core. The interior structure, however, was much less complex than that of the Bent Pyramid.
The Red Pyramid
An island situated in the Nile River between Egypt and Nubia, Elephantine today is part of Aswan. It was the cult center for Khnum, Satet and their daughter Anuket. Hapi, god of the annual flooding of the Nile River, was worshiped here. It was the outer post of the Egyptian Empire as it sits just north of the First Cataract of the Nile River.
Elephantine
He is also considered to be the god of the underworld. His image is often seen as the guardian of tombs and the bodies held within.
Who is Anubis?
This temple is on the east bank of the Triad. The Theban Triad (Amun, Mut and Khonsu) was worshiped here. During the Opet Festival, the statue of Amun at Karnak traveled to the Luxor Temple. This was a festival to promote fertility.
Luxor Temple
He was the son of Thutmose IV and was the 9th pharaoh of the 18th dynasty. He ruled during the peak of ancient Egypt's power.
Who is Amenhotep?
Snefru's first pyramid at Dahshur, the Bent Pyramid is the first true pyramid. At first, its walls had a 60 degree angle. When the pyramid reached the height of 131 feet, cracks developed in the interior corridors and the outer casing, possibly due to the steep angle of the walls. Engineers placed a girdle around the lower levels and built the upper part of the pyramid at a 43 degree angle. Scholars found two burial chambers, although there could still be undiscovered chambers or passageways inside this pyramid.
The Bent Pyramid
Defined as the “City of Lions,” the city worshiped lion gods and deities that incorporated lions and cats. Leontopolis was the cult center for lion gods associated with Ra. Originally named Taremu by the ancient Egyptians; Leontopolis was located in Lower Egypt. An enclosure found here is thought to be one built by the Hyksos, it is known as the “Hyksos Camp.”
Leontopolis