Breathe Me
(Oxygenation & ABB)
(Oxygenation & ABB)
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is instructed to perform pursed lip breathing. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate reason for performing this type of breathing? 1. Increase total lung volume to ease the exchange of air 2. Create back-pressure in the airways to ease airflow 3. Decrease the tidal volume to ease air exchange 4. Decrease the amount of breaths required to exchange air
Create back-pressure in the airways to ease airflow
Clinical sign, indicated by an abnormally elevated core body temperature, which is defined as ≥38.3°C (≥≈101°F).
What is Pyrexia
What are signs/symptoms of hyperthermia in newborns?
How do we care for patients who have heat stroke?
Identifying One Type of Hearing Loss
There are four types of hearing loss:
This syrup can produce flatulence, abd discomfort and dehydration. I would stick to the maple variety on my pancakes.
What is Lactulose
A school nurse is assessing a child for pediculosis capitis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse recognize as an indication of this condition?
Firmly attached white particles on the hair
Answer Rationale:
Pediculus capitis, or head lice, are tiny parasitic insects that live on the scalp and can be spread by close contact with other people. Their eggs (nits) appear much like flakes of dandruff but stick firmly to the hair shaft instead of flaking off of the scalp.
What is the treatment?
A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is performing an admission assessment of a client who has COPD with emphysema. The client reports that he has a frequent productive cough and is short of breath. The nurse should anticipate which of the following assessment findings for this client?
Increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest
Answer Rationale:
The nurse should anticipate an increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest (barrel chest) because of chronic hyperinflation of the lungs.
Additonal Question: What are some
Increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest
Answer Rationale:
The nurse should anticipate an increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest (barrel chest) because of chronic hyperinflation of the lungs.
Additional question: What are some interventions for COPD patients to improve oxygenation?
Can diabetes delay wound healing?
Yes
Why?
Bonus x3: What is one key teaching point to give expectant mothers with gestational diabetes?
What is one manifestation of aortic stenosis?
fatigue
shortness of breath
rapid heart rate
chest pain
dizziness
murmur
Without treatment, the blocked parts of the intestine can die, leading to serious problems.
What is a bowel obstruction
Bonus: What are manifestations of a large bowel obstruction?
This med works by regulating carb & fat metabolism and helps muscle & adipose tissues to absorb blood glucose. Most common side effect is nausea and diarrhea.
What is Metformin
A nurse is caring for a child who has otitis media with effusion. The nurse should identify that which of the following manifestations indicates a tympanic membrane rupture?
Sudden pain relief
Answer Rationale:
Accumulation of exudate caused by otitis media with effusion increases pressure behind the tympanic membrane. The pressure releases when the tympanic membrane ruptures, which results in sudden pain relief.
P.S.
Popping sensation when swallowing
Answer Rationale:
Feeling a popping sensation when swallowing is a manifestation of otitis media with effusion but does not indicate a tympanic membrane rupture.
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a client who the provider suspects has metabolic acidosis. Which of the following results should the nurse expect to see?
pH below 7.35
Answer Rationale:
With acidosis, the pH is below 7.35. However, the pH alone does not indicate whether the problem is metabolic or respiratory. A pH above 7.45 indicates alkalosis
The following are to help reduce what?
What is hyperlipidemia
Right or left: Peripheral edema Hepatomegaly Ascites Anorexia Nausea Weakness Weight gain
What are signs and sypmtoms of right sided heart failure?
What is one side effect of Chondroitin-Glucosamine?
Glucosamine products might be derived from the shells of shellfish, there is concern that the supplement could cause an allergic reaction in people with shellfish allergies. Glucosamine might worsen asthma. There's some concern that glucosamine might raise eye pressure.
This med, derived from a plant found in your garden can produce dizziness, irregular heart beat, syncope and bradycardia.
What is Digoxin
A nurse is caring for a child who is allergic to penicillin. The nurse should verify which of the following prescriptions with the provider?
A. Amoxicillin-clavulanate
B. Gentamicin
C. Erythromycin
D. Amphotericin B
A.
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Answer Rationale:
Penicillin is the most common medication allergy. Clients who are allergic to one penicillin medication should be considered allergic to all penicillins, which would include amoxicillin-clavulanate. Reactions may mild or life-threatening.
Someone suffering from hypothermia will do this as an effort to warm the body, what is this?
what is shivering
Can newborns shiver?
Which of the following arterial blood gas values is MOST indicative of respiratory alkalosis? 1. PaO2 80 mmHg 2. PaO2 100 mmHg 3. PaCO2 25 mmHg 4. PaCO2 45 mmH
PaCO2 25 mmHg
This ACE inhibitor can produce a dry, persistant cough, abdominal pain, metallic taste in the mouth and angioedema.
What is Altace
A nurse is instructing the mother of a toddler who has iron-deficiency anemia to increase iron in the child’s diet in addition to the prescribed iron supplement. What is a white meat that can be suggested?
Tuna fish
Answer Rationale:
Good sources of iron that are more readily absorbed than plant sources include seafood, meat, and eggs.
Bonus! x2 points
When should you take ferrous sulfate?
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and whose respirations are shallow and 9/min. Which of the following acid-based imbalances should the nurse identify the client as being at risk for developing initially?
Respiratory acidosis
Answer Rationale:
Respiratory acidosis represents an increase in the acid component, carbon dioxide, due to inadequate excretion of it, and an increase in the hydrogen ion concentration (decreased pH) of the arterial blood. A major cause of this imbalance is hypoventilation from anesthetics or opioids.
Name one way you can manage asthma in a child.
How does a peak flow meter work?
What is one manifestations of tuberculosis?
What is an early manifestation of TB
This treatment for COPD can cause paradoxical bronchospasm, intraocular pressure and urinary retention.
What is Atrovent
A nurse is planning nutritional teaching for a client who is experiencing fatigue due to iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to the client?
A. Rasins
B. Black Tea
C. Black Beans
D. Whole Milk
C. Black Beans
P.S. Should you take Ferrous Sulfate with dairy products?
client is admitted to the emergency room with a respiratory rate of 7/min. Arterial blood gases (ABG) reveal the following values. Which of the following is an appropriate analysis of the ABGs?
pH 7.22
PaCO2 68 mm Hg
Base excess -2
PaO2 78 mm Hg
Saturation 80%
Bicarbonate 26 mEq/L
Respiratory acidosis
Answer Rationale:
Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is retention of CO2 due to an impairment of respiratory function. It can be the result of respiratory depression, seen with anesthesia or opioid administration; inadequate chest expansion, due to a weakness of the respiratory muscles or constriction to the thorax; an obstruction of the airway, seen in aspiration, bronchoconstriction, or laryngeal edema; or from an inability of the lungs to adequately diffuse gases (O2 and CO2), resulting from conditions such as pneumonia, COPD, chest trauma, or pulmonary emboli. Arterial blood gases will reveal a pH that is lower than the normal reference range (7.35 – 7.45) and a CO2 level that is higher than the normal reference range (35 – 45 mm Hg)
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for heat therapy for treatment of cellulitis of the right lower leg. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I'll wrap a warm, wet towel around my right calf every 4 hours."
Answer Rationale:
Moist heat is more effective than dry heat in treating cellulitis. Moist heat relieves the manifestations of inflammation by increasing blood flow to the affected area. The nurse should instruct the client to elevate the right leg 8 to 15 cm (3 to 6 in) above the level of the heart and apply warm, moist heat to the site every 2 to 4 hr.
Should you use a heating pad? Or Dry heat?
Commonly due to inadequate levels of parathyroid hormone or vitamin D, or due to resistance to these hormones
What is hypocalcemia
Identify one complication of a femur fracture.
What is:
hemorrhage, internal organ injury, wound infection, fat embolism, and adult respiratory distress syndrome
A charge nurse is planning a room assignment for a client who has a productive cough, a questionable chest x-ray, and a positive Mantoux test. Room 208 is a private, negative-pressure airflow room; room 212 is a semi-private, positive-pressure airflow room; 214 is a negative-pressure, semi-private room; and room 216 is a private, positive-pressure airflow room. To which of the following rooms should the nurse assign the client?
208
Answer Rationale:
A client who has or might have tuberculosis requires airborne precautions. That means a private room with negative-pressure airflow. Room 208 is the only one of these options that fits these requirements.
How should we transport this patient?
What is a side effect of alendronate?
A nurse is discharging a child who has sickle cell anemia after an acute crisis episode. What should the nurse educate the parents on encouraging to help prevent another crisis?
"Offer fluids to your child multiple times every day."
Answer Rationale:
Preventing dehydration is an important step in preventing a sickle cell crisis. The nurse should provide the parents with a specific fluid goal for the child to reach each day.
Sepsis Symptoms
Ventalitaor associated pneumonia
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a preschooler who has eczema. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Apply a topical corticosteroid ointment to the affected area.
Answer Rationale:
The child might require a topical corticosteroid ointment to use during flare-ups to decrease inflammation.
How do you identify skin infections?
What is one manifestation of hypothyroidism?
Daily Double! Again!!!!
How does levothyroxine work?
What is one sign or symptom to indicate that the infant has severe dehydration?
What is one clinical indication a patient may have a malabsorption disorder?
What drug can cause angioedema?
Ace-inhibitors
Patients most commonly present with swelling of the lips, tongue, or face, although another presentation is episodic abdominal pain due to intestinal angioedema.
Daily Double: At what literacy level should we educate patients/families?
What are one of the top 2 reasons nurses can educate parents about to prevent otitis media?
Breastfeeding
Avoiding cigarette smoke
Daily Double**Bonus Points:
How do we administer otic gtts to a pediatric patients?
For children under 3: Hold ear lobe and gently pull down and back. For children 3 and over: Hold upper part of ear and gently pull up and back. 2. Place the correct number of drops into the ear canal so they will roll into the ear along the side of the ear canal.