Safety and Infection Control
Describe the difference between medical and surgical asepsis.
Medical - reduce microoganisms, clean technique
Surgical - eliminate microorganisms, sterile technique
What is the difference between subjective and objective data?
Subjective - What the client tells the nurse
Objective - Data the nurse collects
Purposeful use of communication to build and maintain helping relationships with patients, families, blah blah blah
When providing perineal care, which direction do you cleanse?
front to back
S1 and S2 signify ventricular (blank) and (blank) respectively
Contraction and Relaxation
How often do you need to assess skin integrity when a restraint is placed?
Every two hours
What are the 5 parts of the Nursing Process?
What does SBAR stand for?
Situation, background, assessment, and reccommendation
Loss of sensation in feet could mean that they have wounds or breakdown. Important to inspect closley and often to prevent infection.
Which lung sound can usually be cleared with coughing?
Rhonchi
Describe the difference between Airborne Percautions, Droplet Percautions, Contact Percautions
Airborne - requires a private room, N95 masks, negative pressure airflow. Smaller than 5 mcg. Measles, varicella, TB)
Droplet - private room, masks. Larger than 5 mcg.
Contact - gloves and gowns. Disposal of dressing into nonporous bag
If a patient hasn't met their pain relief goal, what should the nurse do?
Reassess the patient
List all 5 levels of communication
Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Small Group, Public, Mass
what are the 5 vital signs are their normal ranges
heart rate: 60-100
pulse ox: 95-100
blood pressure: 90-120/60-80
respiration: 12-20
temp: 97-99ish
What are the degrees of Edema?
1+ - trace (2 mm)
2+ - mild (4 mm)
3+ - moderate (6mm)
4+ - severe (8mm)
R- Relocate, A - Alarm, C - Contain and Close, E - Extinguish
P - Pull Pin, A - Aim, S - Squeeze the handle, S - Sweep
Can PN's insert urinary catheters?
Yes.
What are the 4 phases of nurse-patient relationship?
What are some early signs of Hypoxia?
tachypnea, tachycardia, confusion, pale skin and membranes, elevated blood pressure, use of accessory muscles, nasal flaring, anxiety
Describe the Chain of Infection and give examples of each.
Chain of Infection
Causative Agent - bacteria, virus, blah blah blah
Reservoir - human, animal, food, blah blah blah
Portal of Exit - blood, skin, gi, blah blah blah
Mode of Transmission - contact, droplet, airborne, blah blah
Portal of Entry - same as portal of exit
Susceptible Host - compromised defense mechanisms
What are the task factors for delegation?
Predictability of the outcome, potentials for harm, complexity of care, need for problem solving and innovation, and level of interaction with the patient.
Explain why critical self reflection is important
Helps to improve a nurse's capacity for making better clinical decisions and judgements
When giving a bed bath, what order do you wash in? (like list the order of the body parts you wash first?)
face, trunk, upper extremeties, down to lower extremeties. Then use fresh water for perineal care
Why would a nurse add humidity or attach water to oxygen therapy?
To keep mucuous membranes moist and to keep them from drying out