ORTHO
What does ORIF stand for?
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
What is the antidote for opioids, in case of overdose?
Naloxone/Narcan
What does NSAID stand for and describe its' use:
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation & bring down a high temperature.
*Bonus 50 points, what is a common side effect with prolonged use?
The CPNBI (continuous peripheral nerve block infusion) seen on our units, what is the name of the drug used?
Ropivacaine
An expected outcome of cast application that the nurse evaluates is:
A) Skin irritation at the cast edges.
B) Decreased capillary refill and pallor.
C) Tingling and numbness distal to the cast.
D) Slight edema, soreness, and limitation of range of motion.
D) Slight edema, soreness, and limitation of range of motion.
Non rebreather mask flow rate range:
10-15lpm
Your patient weighs 22kg & has an order of 16mg/kg of PO Acetaminophen.
It comes in a 40mg/mL liquid bottle. What is your dose in mg? How many mLs will you draw up to administer?
22kg x 15mg/kg = 330mg & 8.8mL
Lipodystrophy, which can affect insulin absorption, occurs when patients repeatedly inject insulin into the same site. Nurses should educate patients to do this to prevent it.
Rotate their injection sites.
Name the fluid found in joints that reduces friction and provides lubrication?
Synovial Fluid
State & define a very common post operative respiratory complication:
Atelectasis = partial or complete collapse of a lobe of lung or entire lung.
This condition, associated with prolonged use of Heparin, involves low platelet counts and a high risk of clotting and bleeding:
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) = Immune reaction to Heparin, with a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia), paradoxically, also increases the risk of thrombosis. HIT can lead to life-threatening complications like DVT, PE & stroke.
What external device is used to stabilize fractures by applying continuous pulling force?
Traction
(Used to treat fractures, realign broken bones, restore length, correct contractures/deformities & knee immobilization. This lessens/eliminates muscular spams, reduces pressure on nerves, reduces skeletal abnormalities).
*Bonus 50 points, for the name of type of traction commonly used in the management of femoral fractures.
List 4 S&S of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT):
1. Leg swelling.
2. Leg pain (cramping or soreness that often starts in the calf).
3. Change in skin color on the leg (such as red or purple, can vary on skin color).
4. A feeling of warmth on the affected leg.
List 3 physical/clinical exam findings for a suspected pneumothorax:
- unequal breath sounds / decreased wall movement on the affected side of the chest
- sharp/stabbing chest pain
- shortness of breath
- cyanosis
- tachypnea
- tachycardia
- tracheal deviation / JVD / hypotension (severe)
Bonus 50 points, what would be done next to confirm it's a pneumothorax?
Bonus 50 points, in tension pneunomothorax where do we landmark for emergency needle decompression?
Patient weighs 15kg. Ordered: Ancef 90mg/kg/day over 3 doses. How many mg per day will the patient receive? How many mg per dose will the patient receive?
1350mg & 450mg
What are 2 assessments that must be completed prior to ambulation with/post an epidural?
Postural Hypotension & Motor Strength/Sensory Function
What are the 5 signs of compartment syndrome, the "5 P's" ?
Pain
Pallor
Paresthesia (numbness)
Pulselessness (faint)
Paralysis
*Bonus 50 points, what is the "6th P"?
*Bonus 50 points, what is the emergency procedure called to relieve the pressure?
Pulmonary Embolism symptoms can vary greatly, depending on how much of your lung is involved, the size of the clot & whether you have underlying lung or heart disease.
List 2 typical S&S:
List 2 other S&S that can occur:
Typical S&S:
Other S&S:
You are mixing 200mL of Enfamil A+ for the next shift - after receiving an MD order to: Add 2mEq/100mL of KCL to feeds. How much KCL do you need to add to your feeds?
KCL oral liquid comes in a 1.3mEq/mL bottle. How much KCL do you draw up in your syringe to add the correct amount to your feeds mixture?
4mEq of KCl needs to be added to feeds mixture.
3.1mL to be drawn up.
This life-threatening complication of Type 1 diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia, ketonemia, metabolic acidosis, and dehydration. Its treatment includes insulin, fluid resuscitation, and careful electrolyte management, especially this critical electrolyte that must be monitored closely during insulin therapy.
Potassium
*Bonus 50 points, what is the name of this life-threatening complication?