A science that studies the
interactions between living organisms
and food.
What is nutrition?
A simple carbohydrate made up of a single sugar unit.
What is a monosaccharide?
Being too heavy for one’s height.
What is overweight?
An essential nutrient that must be
consumed for survival.
What is water?
defined as the ability to perform
routine physical activity without undue
fatigue
What is fitness?
An inability to consistently acquire foods
that are nutritionally adequate and
individually, socially, and culturally
acceptable.
What is food insecurity?
Adults from this nation eat more calories than they did 50 years ago.
What is the United States?
A simple carbohydrate made up of two sugar units.
What is a disaccharide?
Having excess body fat.
What is obese?
Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells
and removes carbon dioxide and waste
products.
What is blood?
assumes that the
body will adapt to the stresses placed on it
What is the overload principle?
Any illness that is related to the consumption of food or
contaminants or toxins in food.
What is a foodborne illness?
2/3 of citizens from this nation are overweight.
What is the United States?
A complex carbohydrate made up of many sugar units.
What is a polysaccharide?
A measure of body weight in relation to
height.
What is Body Mass Index (BMI)?
Distribution of these affect the distribution of water throughout the body.
What are electrolytes?
includes endurance
exercises such as jogging, swimming or
cycling, or any exercise that increases heart
rate and requires oxygen in metabolism
What is aerobic exercise?
Microorganisms that can cause disease.
What are pathogens?
Another name for energy-yielding nutrients.
What are macronutrients?
The type of fiber that doesn't dissolve in water.
What is insoluble?
The minimal amount of minutes of physical activity that adults should have per week.
What is 150 minutes?
This type of
toxicity is rare as fluid is usually
increased to compensate.
What is sodium toxicity?
includes the
circulatory and respiratory systems,
delivering oxygen and nutrients to the cells
What is the cardiorespiratory system?
Substances that can cause harm at some level of exposure.
What are toxins?
This nutrient makes up more than 60% of the human body.
What is water?
This can be added to processed foods to
thicken and reduce fat and calories.
What is fiber?
Organic compounds essential in the diet
to promote growth and health
maintenance.
What are Vitamins?
an increase in the
pressure of the blood against the arterial
wall
What is hypertension?
can be measured
by counting the number of pulses per
minute while at rest
What is the resting heart rate?
The transfer of one contaminant from one food, piece of
equipment or person to another.
What is cross-contamination?
This dietary reference intake is used to evaluate nutrient intakes of populations.
What are Estimated Average Requirements (EARs)?
This nutrient is made of one or more
polypeptide chains folded into a
three-dimensional shape.
What is protein?
The two water-soluble vitamins.
What are vitamins B and C?
Inorganic elements needed by the body
in small amounts for health and
maintenance.
What are minerals?
the body’s maximum
ability to generate ATP by aerobic
metabolism during exercise
What is aerobic capacity?
Many microorganisms do not cause harm but after reaching
their threshold, however, they can cause foodborne illness.
What is the threshold effect?
This dietary reference intake is used recommend specific amounts of nutrients for individuals.
What are Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)?
This type of allergy is triggered when a protein
from the diet is absorbed without being
completely digested.
What is a food allergy?
The four vitamins that are fat-soluble.
What are vitamins A, D, E, and K.
Needed in the diet in amounts greater than
100 mg per day or are present in the body in
amounts greater than 0.01% of body weight.
What are major minerals?
The time between conception and birth,
approximately 40 weeks in humans.
What is gestation?
A federal document which provides
recommendations for safeguarding public health
when food is offered to the consumer.
What is the FDA Food Code?
This dietary reference intake is used to help with the prevention of nutrient toxicities.
What are Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs)?
A rapid, severe allergic reaction.
What is anaphylaxis?
The process of adding nutrients to foods.
What is fortification?
Required in the diet in amounts less than 100
mg per day or are present in the body in
amounts less than 0.01% of body weight.
What are trace minerals?
involves the synthesis of milk
components, including protein, lactose and
lipids, and the movement of the milk
through the milk ducts to the nipple
What is lactation?
Gave the FDA authority over food and food
ingredients.
What is the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938?
The amount of calories required for a
24-hour period by the body during a
non-active period.
What is Resting Energy Expenditure (REE)?
This diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbs.
What is the keto diet?
Adding nutrients back to foods that have lost
nutrients due to processing.
What is enrichment?
Most abundant mineral in the body.
What is calcium?
immature milk, secreted
during the first days after delivery
What is colostrum?
A food safety system that focuses on
identifying, preventing, and eliminating
hazards that could cause food-borne
illness.
What is Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP)?
The amount of calories burned by the
human body in one day adjusted to the
amount of activity (sedentary, moderate
or strenous).
What is Total Energy expenditure (TEE)?
These help the immune system in
fighting off foreign bodies.
What are antibodies?
This type of vitamin deficiency can cause night blindness as well as permanent blindness.
What is vitamin A?
This type of mineral deficiency
can lead to bone
loss, weakness and loss of appetite.
What is phosphorus deficiency?
The let-down of milk is triggered by this
hormone.
What is oxytocin?
About this many people around the world are critically undernourished.
What is 805 million people?