carbs and proteins
what is the purpose of a carbohydrate?
major source of energy
what is the purpose of vitamin K?
*synthesized blood clotting proteins and is synthesized in the gut by bacteria.
*given to newborms to synthesize in sterile gut
*IT IS THE ANTIDOTE FOR COUMIDINE
bone and teeth formation and maintanence.
and prealbumin of <5mg/dl indicates what
severe malnutrition
what do carbs prevent
constipation, heart disease, cancer, diabetes
folate reduces the risk of what
neural tube defects
where is Ca found
sardines, dairy products, green leafy veggies, beans
what are the symptoms of malnutrition
lethargy, fatigue, irritable, growth failure, decreased muscle mass, edema, decreased immunity,
what is the recommended dietary allowance for carbohydrates in adults and children
adults: men:38g, women:25g. in total 45-65% of daily calories
children:130g
what does vitamin C do
increase iron absorption and improves immunity.
where can you get Na+ and Cl
canned foods, processed foods, restaurants.
what lab test is the best indicator or poor/malnutrition
prealbumin <15mg/dl
what is the purpose of a protein
provides structure and is a component of every living cell
makes amino acids for protein synthesis
What does vitamin A do?
plays a role in vision, reproduction, growth, and and immunity
K+ is found in what foods
green leafy veggies, milk, fish, dried beans and peas, beef.
what are the regular lab values for prealbumin for adults and children
Adults: 15-36mg/dl
children:20-40mg/dl
vitamin D does what? a deficit can cause what in adults and children?
maintains Ca! can get if from the sun
deficit in kids: rickets
deficit in adults: osteomalacia
what is the role of iron in the body
oxygen transport via hgb.
name some illnesses that cause malabsorption malnutrition
Cystic fibrosis (number one cause in the U.S.)
• Chronic pancreatitis
• Lactose intolerance
• Celiac disease
• Whipple disease
• HIV
• Chron’s disease
• Cow's milk or soymilk protein intolerance
• Biliary Atresia
• Parasites
• Giardia lamblia, hookworm, roundworm
vitamin B12 plays a role in what? where can you get it from
activates folate
requires an. intrinsic factor otherwise it = anemia
milk eggs and meat
iodine plays a role in what
thyroid hormone that regulates growth and development
vitamin B3 (niacin) plays a role in what. deficit=?
nervous system fucntion. treats hyperlipidemia
deficit: pallegra
deficit in iodine causes what
goiter, hypothyroidism, growth and developmental defects.
what is vitamin E
AN INTIOXIDANT
not enough iron= ???
anemia