Ocean Water
Surface Currents
Upwelling and Density Currents
Waves
Tides
100
What are three types of resources that are taken from the oceans?
Energy, mineral, and food resources
100
Do surface currents move water horizontally or vertically?
horizontally
100
What important substances does upwelling bring to the surface?
nutrients
100
What do waves carry?
Energy
100
What is the approximate wave height and wavelength of a tide?
Wave height: 1 or 2 meters. Wavelength: thousands of kilometers
200
About how long ago did the oceans form?
4 billions years ago
200
South of the equator, do surface currents generally move clockwise or counterclockwise?
counterclockwise
200
Are upwelling waters warm or cold?
cold
200
What is the lowest point of a wave called?
The trough
200
What is the difference between the level of the ocean at low tide compared to high tide?
tidal range
300
What is the chemical composition of halite?
Sodium chloride (NaCl)
300
What effect causes the east/west movement of water when it moves north/south?
The Coriolis effect
300
What combination of heat and salinity conditions would make the densest water?
cold and high salinity
300
When waves are passing through a particle of water, how does the particle of water move?
In a circle
300
What causes extreme tidal ranges?
The shape the the coast and seafloor
400
What is meant when it is said that the mineral composition of the ocean is in a steady state?
Minerals are added to the oceans through rivers at the same rate as they are taken out and put into sediments
400
Where is the Gulf Stream, and what area of land does it bring heat to?
The North Atlantic. To Europe.
400
Where do deep waters form?
Near the poles
400
What is a breaker?
A collapsing wave
400
What is a tidal bore?
A wave formed when a rising tide enters a shallow, narrow river
500
What is another name for a thin sheet that allows some substances to pass through but not others?
A membrane
500
What are two ways that surface currents can be tracked?
Using drift bottles and other floating objects, and satelites
500
Water going from the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean from what level of water: surface, intermediate, or deep?
intermediate
500
What three factors affect the height of waves?
the speed of the wind, the distance over which the wind blows, and the length of time the wind blows
500
What two astronomical bodies cause the tides?
The moon and Sun
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