Anthropogenic Causes
What does "anthropogenic" mean
Human-caused
Sound Navigation and Ranging
Marine animals rely on sound to find food, mates, and what?
Communicate
Loud noise can cause this immediate physical damage
Hearing loss
Reducing noise from ship propellers is one example of this
Noise reduction
These large vessels create constant underwater noise pollution
Commercial ships/oceanic vessels
Sonar works by sending out sound waves and receiving what in return?
Echoes
Noise pollution reduces this range of animal communication
Communication range
Animals may swim away or avoid noisy areas, showing this type of change
Behavioral change
Developing quieter machines is an example of this type of solution
This process involves building structures by the ocean and creates loud noise
Construction
Why is sound more important than sight in the ocean?
Visibility is low and sound travels well
This group of animals depends heavily on sound
Marine mammals (whales, dolphins)
Rapid ascent due to panic can cause this dangerous condition
This U.S. Organization regulates underwater sound impacts
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
This industry uses loud seismic air guns to explore the ocean floor
Oil and gas/oceanic drilling
This type of sonar is often used by the military and is very loud
Naval sonar
This endangered species will stop feeding or showcase irregular behavior when exposed to sonar
Blue whale
Noise can increase this type of behavior among marine animals
Aggression/anti-predatory behavior
Limiting sonar and construction noise requires these
policies/regulations
These surveys use sound waves to map the ocean floor.
Seismic surveys/geophysical exploration
Sound pollution can "mask" signals, meaning it does this to animal sounds
Blocks or interferes with them
Bottlenose dolphins changed their calls due to shup noise by doing this
simplifying their vocal calls
Noise pollution can alter metabolism and reduce this, affecting populations
population recruitment
Reducing ocean noise can help restore what?