True or False
Darwin
The Selection Process
Evolution
Natural Selection or Not?
100

Scientists believe that over the course of Earth's history, living organisms have changed from a simple, unicellular organism to the wide diversity we see today.

True.

Bonus Follow-Up: What does "unicellular" mean?

Bonus Bonus Follow-Up: What was the first life on Earth?

100
The finches on The Galapagos Islands and the finches on Mainland South America exhibited this obvious difference, prompting Darwin's studies.
Their beaks
100

In order for Natural Selection to occur, populations must have _________________.

a) large numbers

b) the same exact genes

c) variation

d) stability

Variation/diversity

100
This is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive.
Adaptation
100
A population of rabbits living in Canada changes color from brown to white as the winter snowy season begins.
Evolution has already occurred; it is not in the process of occuring.
200
One principle of natural selection is that organisms best able to survive in an environment are more likely to reproduce and pass their traits to future generations.
True.
200
What did Darwin conclude was the driving force behind evolution?
Natural Selection
200

When a population is small, they may lose traits through the process of __________________.

genetic drift

200

Explain why there was a change in the peppered moth population from 1850 to 1900.

A mutation in the gene for wing coloring became an adaptation as the trees went from a light color to dark.

Bonus Follow-up: What human activity caused this change in the forests?

200
A rabbit with slightly longer ears than his siblings and peers is able to hear predators from further away, giving him more time to escape.
Yes - he should live longer/sire more broods than the others.
300
Birds originally had separate fingers that, over time, fused together into a wing.
True. Bonus Follow-Up: What was the bird's early ancestor?
300
Explain how present-day organisms, such as whales and dolphins, can provide clues about evolution.
Morphological links between them, and their ancestors, show a pattern of long-term evolution.
300
Give one reason a population of drift worms that is set at a fixed allele might see variation in later generations.
immigration, mutation
300

Over 90% of the DNA base sequences for hemoglobin in chimpanzees and humans are identical. What does this suggest?

Relatedness/common ancestor

300
A group of bacteria invades a businessman. He follows half of his course of antibiotics, killing off the weaker bacteria. The stronger bacteria remain and reproduce. He restarts his medication, but this time it has no effect.
Yes - by not finishing the medication, he allowed the strongest bacteria time to grow and produce an antibiotic-resistant strain.
400
Variation makes one member of a species different from other members of the same species.
True.
400
Explain how the differences in the finches' beaks related to their diet.
Larger beaks cracked harder, larger nuts; smaller beaks were for small seeds; pointed beaks were for insects and fruit.
400
Explain the bottle neck effect and genetic drift. How are they similar? What makes them different?
Bottle neck: small population breaks off from the group; limited alleles because they only take so many varieties with them.

Genetic Drift: a small founding population loses alleles due to random chance, limiting the alleles available.

400
Explain how mutation plays a part in evolution.
Mutation leads to variation and differences in traits, some of which may then be more beneficial than others.
400
A tree-dwelling primate species finds itself in a changing environment, with a receding forest and growing plains in between jungles. Primates with slightly longer legs and a slightly longer spine are more able to travel across the plains to reach new resources.
Yes; the primates with these traits will have better survival/breeding rates.
M
e
n
u