Eye Feel the Pressure
Increased intra-ocular pressure is related to what ophthalmic disorder?
Glaucoma
What does OU sig code mean?
Each eye
Immediate referral
When applying more than one eye drop, how long should you wait before administering the second one?
5 minutes
What is the 1st line treatment for dry eye syndrome?
Artificial tears (lubricant drops)
Corticosteroids administered by which route are the biggest offenders for drug-induced increased ocular pressure?
Ophthalmic
What treatment strategy is medically necessary for primary angle closure glaucoma?
What is the main modifiable risk factor for AMD?
Smoking cessation
How long is viral conjunctivitis contagious for?
~ 14 days
Lid scrubs are recommended for which ophthalmic disorder?
Blepharitis
Which type of glaucoma is classified as a medical emergency?
Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG)
What class of drugs has adverse drug reactions of altered iris pigmentation and increased lash pigmentation?
Prostaglandin analogs
Drusen in the macular is a hallmark sign of what type of AMD?
Dry AMD
For allergic conjunctivitis, why is naphazoline products limited to 72-hour use?
To avoid rebound congestion/itching
___________ containing eye formulations should be avoided in people who wear contacts
Preservative
What is a risk factor for glaucoma?
Possible options: age > 45; family history; African-American race; diabetes; myopia; regular, long-term steroid use; eye injury
Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis is caused by what infection(s)?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitides
What is the MOA of prostaglandin analogs?
Increases aqueous humor outflow
What is the MOA of ophthalmic beta-blockers?
Decreases aqueous humor production
Which ophthalmic disorder results in irreversible loss of center vision due to damage of the macula?
Age-Related Macular Degeneration
What is the treatment goal for primary open-angle glaucoma?
Decrease in intra-ocular pressure 25% lower than pre-treatment IOP
Which class of drugs have a potential effect of floppy iris syndrome, also include a medication from this class?
DAILY DOUBLE!
Alpha-1 antagonists (prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin)
Which class of drugs can cause cataracts?
Corticosteroids (systemic)
Name two classes of medications that can cause dry eye syndrome?
Beta blockers, diuretics, narcotics, ETOH, SSRI's, atypical antipsychotics, oxybutynin, clonidine, antihistamines
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have a cross-sensitivity to what drug class?
Sulfonamides