Vocab
The state in which one object’s distance relative from another object is changing.
Motion
The orbit of each planet around the Sun is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus.
Kepler’s first law
the angle between an object’s axis of rotation, and a line perpendicular to its orbital plane.
axial tilt
What Did Copernicus Discover?
heliocentric model of the solar system. That the sun is at the center and the planets rotate around the sun in a circle motion.
What describes a elapse whose shape is very close to a circle?
Low eccentricity
What is retrograde?
A planet looks like it moves backwards
The distance an object travels in one unit of time.
Speed
A line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time.
Kepler’s second law:
The axial tilt is also called?
Obliquity
What did Kepler discover?
1. The orbit of each planet around the Sun is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus.
2. A line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time.
3. The time a planet takes to complete one orbit is related to its average distance from the Sun.
The tilt of Earth’s rotation axis is on a __________ cycle.
41,000-year cycle
What are the different names and measurements scientist call asteroids that are around Earth?
ECAs-Earth-crossing asteroids
NEO-Near Earth objects
PHA-Potentially hazardous asteroids
The speed of an object in a given direction.
Velocity
The time a planet takes to complete one orbit is related to
its average distance from the Sun.
Kepler's Third Law
the slow clockwise rotation of the axis of Earth around a cone, one cycle in about 26,000 years, due to gravitational tugs by the Sun, Moon, and major planets.
Axial Procession
What is the velocity of the Earth around the Sun?
30 km/s
What is the precession of the Earth Axis mean?
It wobbles over time called obliquity
What is the name of the spacecraft that launched into an asteroid?
DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test)
The velocity at which a body revolves about another body.
Orbital Velocity
The ratio of the distance between the foci and the length of the major axis of an ellipse.
Eccentricity
(also called the ecliptic or plane of the ecliptic) a plane formed by the path of Earth around the Sun.
Orbital Plane
What is Earth's eccentricity?
0.017 almost a circle
What is the shape of Earth's orbit of the sun?
ellipse
Why are some asteroids and comets dangerous for Earth
The high eccentricity of the ellipse and the different angle of the orbital plane
The rate at which velocity changes.
Acceleration
A spherical cloud of material surrounding the head of a comet.
Coma
the angle between the orbital plane of the solar system and the actual orbit of an object around the Sun.
Inclination
How often does Earth's eccentricity change, how does it change, and what happens when it changes?
Earth’s orbit will change100,000 years it will change a little due pull of the other planets It varies from 0.05 to 0.0. The seasons will change the amount of days.
Why does Earth's axial tilt changes? What causes it change? What is the cycle or change?
It changes because of the pull on the Earth from the moon and the sun and major planets. It changes from 22-24.5 degrees over a cycle of 41,000 years and it will impact Earths amount of solar radiation therefore changing the climate
What is a famous comet?
Haley's comet