Animal Superpowers
Plants Gone Wild
Fungal Nightmares
Cells
Animals Are Real?
100
A cheetah can reach incredible speeds, but its muscle cells need enormous amounts of ATP to contract repeatedly. Which organelle produces most of this ATP?
Mitochondria
100
A Venus flytrap catches insects for nutrients, but it still makes sugars using sunlight. Which organelle makes this possible?
Chloroplast
100
Zombie-ant fungi grow inside living insects and manipulate their behaviour. Which organelle contains most of the fungus's DNA?
Nucleus
100
A scientist finds a cell that has lost control of what enters and exits. Which cell structure is damaged?
Cell membrane
100
When threatened, a horned lizard can shoot blood from its eyes to scare away predators. What type of animal is most likely to be scared away by this defence: a predator or prey?
Predator
200
A hagfish can release huge amounts of slime containing protein threads when attacked. Which tiny cell structures assemble these proteins?
Ribosomes
200
The sensitive plant folds its leaves when touched because water moves rapidly between cells. Which organelle stores much of the water involved in these pressure changes?
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Vacuole
200
Some mushrooms glow in the dark through chemical reactions. Which organelle produces most of the ATP needed for cellular activities?
Mitochondria
200
A cell is still alive, but it can no longer break down old organelles or cellular waste. Which organelle has stopped working?
Lysosome
200
The basilisk lizard can sprint across the surface of water without immediately sinking. What nickname has it earned because of this ability?
Jesus Christ lizard
300
Some fish living in Antarctica have no red blood cells, but their other cells still contain the genetic instructions needed to survive. Which organelle stores most of these instructions?
Nucleus
300
A giant Rafflesia flower smells like rotting meat and steals nutrients from another plant. Unlike most plants, it lacks functional ______ because it doesn't photosynthesize.
Chloroplasts
300
The devil's fingers fungus grows red tentacle-like structures that smell like rotting meat. Its cells have walls made of chitin. What cell structure provides this protective support?
Cell wall
300
A cell is making proteins, but they cannot travel through the membrane network that processes many newly made proteins. Which organelle is damaged?
Rough ER
300
Sharks can detect tiny electrical signals produced by the muscles and nerves of other animals. What does this ability help sharks locate, even when hidden under sand?
Prey
400
A bombardier beetle sprays a hot chemical mixture to defend itself. Its cells must produce enzymes involved in this reaction. Which organelle packages proteins for transport after they are made?
Golgi apparatus
400
A bladderwort plant uses underwater suction traps to capture microscopic prey. Which rigid structure helps its plant cells maintain their shape as internal pressure changes?
Cell wall
400
A fungus called Pilobolus builds up pressure to launch spores through the air. Which organelle helps store water and maintain internal pressure?
Vacuole
400
A liver cell suddenly loses its ability to make certain lipids and detoxify some chemicals. Which organelle is most likely damaged?
Smooth ER
400
Kangaroo rats can survive in extremely dry deserts while rarely drinking liquid water. Which organ helps them conserve water by producing highly concentrated urine?
Kidneys
500
Some sea slugs steal chloroplasts from algae and keep them functioning inside their own bodies. Which organelle allows these animals to capture sunlight and produce sugars?
Chloroplast
500
A sundew traps insects with sticky tentacles and secretes digestive enzymes. Which organelle helps transport and process proteins after they are produced by ribosomes?
Rough ER
500
Some fungi trap microscopic worms and digest them using enzymes. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages many proteins before they are transported?
Golgi apparatus
500
A scientist discovers that a cell's nucleus is intact, but it can no longer properly assemble the structures responsible for protein production. Which structure inside the nucleus might be damaged?
Nucleolus
500
When threatened, a sea cucumber can shoot some of its internal organs out of its body to distract or entangle predators. Amazingly, it can regrow the organs it loses!
What biological process allows the sea cucumber to replace its missing organs?
Regeneration