Reactions I
What is the result of oxidizing a ketone?
No reaction
What is a chiral center/compound?
a chiral compound must have at least 1 chiral center.
chiral centers are atoms with 4 bonds in which each bond is to a different atom or functional group.
What does a D-isomer refer to?
Isomer that spins towards the dextrorotatory (right, clockwise) direction.
T/F: diastereomers can show optical isomerism?
False; optical isomers must be mirror images of each other
If you add an alcohol to a carboxylic acid, the product is an...
ester
What is an enantiomer?
A molecule can be drawn that in two ways in which the two forms are mirror images of each other, but cannot be superimposed on each other (if you put one on top of the other, it wouldn't match).
What does a L-isomer refer to?
Isomer that spins towards the dextrorotatory (right, clockwise) direction.
T/F: If one form of an enantiomer has two chiral centers with (R, R) configuration, the other enantiomer has (S, S) configuration.
True
If you add a carboxylic acid to a primary or secondary amine, you get a(n)...
amide
What is a diastereomer?
A compound that shares a molecular formula with another distinct compound, but the compounds are NOT mirror images of each other.
What does an (S)-isomer refer to?
the configuration of the atoms surrounding the chiral center from least to greatest organized in the left (counterclockwise) direction.
False; they are diastereomers
The Tollen's test is a test for what?
Aldehyde (or alpha-hydroxy ketone)
What is a meso compound?
A compound with an internal plane of symmetry that makes them optically inactive.
What does and (_R)-isomer refer to?
the configuration of the atoms surrounding the chiral center from least to greatest organized in the right (clockwise) direction.
T/F: For a Fischer projection, as long as you identify the priority of the compounds and determine the direction (R or S), that is automatically the correct answer.
False, you need to consider if the lowest priority group is in the front or the back of the projection. If it is in the front, the configuration is the opposite of the one you determine by looking at the projection.
The bromine test is a test for what? What gets colored by the bromine?
unsaturation (double bonds, triple bonds); saturated (single) bond compounds
What type of isomer are cis/trans isomers?
diastereomers
Which Letter System, D & L, or R & S, refers SOLEY to the experimental rotation of compounds when polarized by light?
D and L
T/F: A racemate is a mixture 50:50 of two enantiomers.
True