Research Designs
This type of research primarily examines objective, measurable outcomes and commonly uses statistical analysis.
What is quantitative research?
This point is reached when additional interviews or observations produce little or no new information.
What is saturation?
This term describes the number of NEW cases of a condition occurring within a population during a specified period.
What is incidence?
Making up research data or results is called this.
What is fabrication?
These two types of research synthesis provide particularly strong evidence regarding intervention effectiveness.
What are systematic reviews and meta-analyses?
This scholarly process involves research manuscripts being evaluated by designated journal experts or referees before publication.
What is peer review?
This research design integrates qualitative and quantitative methods so the strengths of each are emphasized.
What is a mixed-methods design?
This qualitative data-collection technique involves careful watching, listening, and recording of events, behaviors, and objects.
What is observation?
This term describes the percentage of people who have a particular health-related condition.
What is prevalence?
This was developed following the Nuremberg trials to establish ethical conduct for research and human experimentation.
What is the Nuremberg Code?
Between an RCT and a case study, this design provides stronger evidence.
What is a randomized controlled trial?
Conference posters, conference presentations, and peer-reviewed journal articles are examples of this process.
What is research dissemination?
This descriptive research design examines patterns of growth or change over time within selected segments of a population.
What is a developmental study?
During this method, the researcher probes participants’ ideas to obtain detailed information about an event, issue, or context.
What is an in-depth interview?
When this increases, statistical power also increases.
What is sample size?
This group reviews proposed human-subject research, including risks, benefits, informed consent, and the research protocol.
What is the Institutional Review Board (IRB)?
These four letters stand for Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome.
What is PICO?
Researchers can examine this section of a strong research article to locate additional potential scholarly sources.
What is the reference list?
Researchers repeatedly measure the same group at selected intervals over time.
What is a cohort design?
Participants change their behavior because they know they are being observed.
What is the Hawthorne effect?
If the expected effect size decreases, this generally needs to increase.
What is sample size?
Researchers must give additional consideration to participants who lack capacity to consent or who may feel pressured to participate.
Who are vulnerable populations?
Complete the PICO: Among older adults with glaucoma, does high-contrast tape on stairs, compared with no tape, reduce ______?
What is the incidence of falls?
This practice involves gathering data from multiple different sources to strengthen understanding of a phenomenon.
What is triangulation?
A researcher wants to understand human experiences and perspectives rather than objective statistical outcomes. This broad research approach is most appropriate.
What is qualitative research?
A researcher interviews a woman with a disability multiple times, observes her at home and work, and interviews coworkers to understand her within those social environments. What qualitative approach best fits?
What is ethnographic research?
A study reports r = 0.01 between nutritional supplements and sensory-processing skills. How strong is the relationship?
What is a negligible correlation?
Unlike the protocol, informed consent, and risk-benefit assessment, this item is typically NOT required for IRB approval.
What is the hypothesized outcome of the research?
A peer-reviewed article reports r = 0.01 between supplement use and sensory-processing skills. What is the most appropriate conclusion?
What is: Little to no relationship is evident between the variables?
A researcher wants to determine the appropriate number of participants needed for a study. Before calculating sample size, what must the researcher first clearly establish?
What is the purpose of the study?