Medical Mishaps & Malfunctions
The classic triad of symptoms associated with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA).
What are polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia?
Cushing's Triad, indicating increased intracranial pressure, consists of bradycardia, irregular respirations, and this blood pressure finding.
What is hypertension / widening pulse pressure?
Unlike adults, the primary underlying cause of pediatric cardiac arrest is almost always this state.
What is hypoxia / respiratory failure?
The 5 criteria assessed at 1 and 5 minutes post-delivery in a newborn APGAR score.
What are Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration?
The only bone in the human body that does not articulate directly with any other bone.
What is the hyoid bone?
This type of abnormal respiratory pattern—deep, rapid, and gasping—is the body's attempt to blow off CO2 during severe metabolic acidosis.
What are Kussmaul respirations?
Beck's Triad for cardiac tamponade consists of hypotension, muffled heart sounds, and this physical exam sign.
What is Jugular Venous Distension (JVD)?
A characteristic "seal-like" barking cough and inspiratory stridor in a toddler point to this viral upper airway condition.
What is Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)?
Painless, bright red vaginal bleeding in the third trimester is most characteristic of this placental emergency.
What is Placenta Previa?
Humans share approximately 50% of their DNA with this yellow, tropical fruit.
What is a banana?
First-line medication class administered EMS-wide to interrupt active status epilepticus.
What are benzodiazepines (e.g., Midazolam/Versed)?
A paradoxical chest wall movement occurs when this specific bone fracture pattern is present.
What is a flail chest (2 or more adjacent ribs broken in 2 or more places)?
The three arms of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) evaluated before touching the patient.
What are Appearance, Work of Breathing, and Circulation to Skin?
Painful, dark red vaginal bleeding accompanied by a rigid, board-like abdomen in late pregnancy.
What is Placental Abruption (Abruptio Placentae)?
Despite making up only about 2% of your total body weight, this organ consumes roughly 20% of the body's total energy and oxygen supply.
What is the brain?
The primary pathophysiological cause of "cardiac asthma," distinguishing it from true bronchial asthma.
What is left ventricular heart failure (pulmonary edema causing airway compression)?
Referred pain to the left shoulder caused by a ruptured spleen is known by this sign.
What is Kehr's sign?
The pediatric resuscitation tool that estimates weight and drug dosages based strictly on patient length.
What is a Broselow tape?
Immediate field physical maneuver required upon discovering a prolapsed umbilical cord during delivery.
What is manually elevating the presenting part off the cord (and positioning the mother knee-chest/Trendelenburg)?
The approximate total length of all blood vessels in an adult human body if laid end-to-end.
What is 60,000 miles (accept 50,000 to 100,000 miles)?
This phenomenon occurs when an anaphylactic reaction recurs hours after initial resolution without re-exposure to the allergen.
What is a biphasic reaction?
Using the Rule of Nines, the total burn percentage for an adult with full-thickness burns to both entire lower extremities (front and back).
What is 36% (18% per leg)?
A bulging anterior fontanelle in an infant sitting upright suggests this underlying issue.
What is increased intracranial pressure (or meningitis/hydrocephalus)?
The key clinical feature that elevates a diagnosis from severe preeclampsia to eclampsia.
What is the onset of grand mal seizures (or coma)?
The percentage of an adult's bone mass that is completely remodeled and replaced naturally every year.
What is approximately 10%?