Vocab
What is an allele?
One of two or more alternative forms of a gene.
What is a centromere?
The region of a chromosome, that the spindle fibers attach to.
Are the daughter cells at the end of mitosis exactly the same?
Yes
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
Independent assortment
Crossover
what is the phenotypic ratio?
Aa X Aa
3:1
what is a gene?
An inherited factor (region of DNA) that Helps determine a characteristic.
What are telomeres?
The tips of a linear chromosome.
What phase do the chromosomes aline at the equator of the cell?
Metaphase
This is the phase when pairs of chromosomes separate.
Anaphase 1
What is the Genotypic ratio?
Aa X Aa
1:2:1
What is the genome?
Complete set of genetic instructions for any organism.
What part of interphase do the chromosomes replicate?
S phase
the final phase of cell division, the stage when the nuclei forms.
Telophase
This is the phase when the chromatids separate.
Anaphase 2
what is the phenotypic ratio?
AABb X AaBb3:1
What does homozygote dominant mean?
An individual having two dominant alleles for a trait.
What are tetrads?
A homologous pair that consists of four chromatids?
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46
In this phase of meiosis, cross-over occurs.
Prophase 1
What is the Genotypic ratio?
AABB X aabb
1
In which part of the cell cycle does cell growth occur?
Interphase (G1 and G2 phase)
What is fertilization?
fusion of the sperm nucleus and the egg nucleus
How many daughter cells are produced from mitosis?
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
4
what is the phenotypic ratio?
AaBb X AaBb
9:3:3:1