Immunologic Emergencies
This vasoactive amine increases vascular permeability, causes vasodilation, and can trigger bronchoconstriction.
What is histamine?
These precautions apply to all body substances except sweat.
What are standard precautions?
Upper GI bleeds cause this type of stool; lower GI bleeds cause hematochezia.
What is melena?
This condition causes sudden scrotal pain and swelling due to twisting of the spermatic cord.
What is testicular torsion?
This mid‑cycle ovulation pain occurs about two weeks before menstruation.
What is mittelschmerz?
IM epinephrine is preferred over SQ because it provides this benefit.
What is faster absorption?
This disease presents with fever, stiff neck, photophobia, and a rash that turns purple.
What is meningococcal meningitis?
This triad — fever, RUQ pain, jaundice — suggests common bile duct inflammation.
What is Charcot’s triad?
This upper UTI presents with fever, flank pain, and systemic illness.
What is pyelonephritis?
This condition can cause infertility and increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy.
What is PID?
This process is stopped by epinephrine, making it the drug of choice in anaphylaxis.
What is mast cell degranulation?
This highly communicable viral illness causes Koplik spots and a rash that spreads head‑to‑toe.
What is measles (rubeola)?
This sign is bruising around the umbilicus and indicates internal bleeding.
What is Cullen’s sign?
This condition causes flank‑to‑groin pain, hematuria, and restlessness.
What is kidney calculus (renal stone)?
This emergency presents with delayed menses, abdominal pain, and possible shoulder pain.
What is ectopic pregnancy?
This term describes a substance the body recognizes as foreign and produces antibodies against.
What is an antigen?
This reactivation of varicella causes painful dermatomal lesions.
What is shingles (herpes zoster)?
This condition involves autodigestion of the pancreas and pain radiating to the back.
What is pancreatitis?
A sudden decrease in glomerular filtration causing toxin buildup is known as this.
What is acute kidney injury?
A ruptured ovarian cyst may cause this life‑threatening complication.
What is internal bleeding leading to shock?
These two airway findings indicate impending upper airway obstruction in anaphylaxis.
What are stridor and hoarseness?
This STI has a 7–14 day incubation period and is the most frequently reported bacterial STI in the U.S.
What is chlamydia?
This esophageal tear occurs after forceful vomiting and causes hematemesis.
What is Mallory‑Weiss syndrome?
This syndrome occurs during dialysis when water shifts into CSF, causing headache and confusion.
What is disequilibrium syndrome?
Weak pelvic structures from decreased estrogen, obesity, or childbirth increase risk for this.
What is uterine prolapse?