Acid Base Balance/ Fluid & Electrolytes
A condition where blood pH is below normal.
What is acidosis?
The body’s protective response to injury.
What is inflammation?
Gradual decline in physiological function over time.
What is aging?
Loss of muscle mass due to lack of activity.
What is muscle atrophy?
The cause or origin of a disease.
What is etiology?
A state of high calcium levels in the blood.
What is hypercalcemia?
Replacement of damaged tissue with scar tissue.
What is fibrosis?
The process of cell division
What is mitosis?
The body’s nonspecific response to any demand.
What is stress?
Structural and functional changes in cells or tissues due to disease.
What is pathology?
A state of low potassium in the blood.
What is hypokalemia?
The period between exposure and symptom onset.
What is the incubation period?
programmed cell death
What is apoptosis?
Immune response involving antibodies produced by B cells.
What is humoral immunity?
A new, abnormal growth of tissue.
What is a neoplasm?
The primary buffer system in the body.
What is the bicarbonate buffer system?
The early stage of infection is characterized by vague, nonspecific symptoms like fatigue or mild fever, and is highly contagious.
What is the prodromal stage?
Age-related decrease in immune system efficiency.
What is immunosenescence?
The stage of stress where the body attempts to adapt.
What is the resistance stage?
Hormone released during stress that increases blood glucose.
What is cortisol?
A decrease in this plasma protein lowers oncotic pressure, allowing fluid to shift into interstitial spaces and often contributing to edema even when sodium levels appear normal or low.
What is albumin?
A period during which a pathogen is present in the body but inactive and not causing symptoms.
What is a latent infection?
An age-related reduced ability of the kidneys to conserve sodium and water can lead to _________ and ________?
What is dehydration and an electrolyte imbalance?
Immunity gained through vaccination.
What is active immunity?
Symptoms such as confusion, headache, seizures, and nausea occur due to fluid shifts affecting brain cells.
What are the manifestations of sodium imbalance, hyponatremia?