The Viral Vault
These nonliving particles must hijack a host cell to reproduce.
Virus
Bacteria are single-celled organisms that reproduce rapidly through the process of
Binary Fission
Unlike animals, these organisms are heterotrophs that reproduce via spores.
Fungi
This body system uses white blood cells and antibodies to fight infection.
Immune System
A sudden increase in disease cases in one specific community or region.
Outbreak or Epidemic
Why is a virus considered 'nonliving' despite having DNA and being able to cause infection?
It cannot reproduce on its own
This happens when a population of bacteria survives medication and multiplies.
Antibiotic Resistance
A scientist discovers a pathogen that consists only of a protein coat surrounding a strand of RNA. This pathogen is most likely a:
Virus
These proteins are produced to "mark" or recognize specific infectious agents.
Antibodies
A global outbreak that affects multiple countries or continents.
Pandemic
Why can a person "catch a cold" many times throughout their life?
Their are many variants/strains or it evolves quickly
In a hospital, a surface is found to have millions of single-celled organisms that reproduce on their own. Are these likely viruses or bacteria?
Bacteria
This is a living organism that hitches a ride on or inside a host, often stealing the host’s nutrients.
Parasite
This preventative tool works by "training" the immune system without causing the disease.
Vaccine
If a local elementary school has 50 kids stay home with the stomach flu in one week, this is best described as an:
How do vaccines and antivirals differ in their timing of use?
Vaccines are prevention (before)
Antivirals are treatment (after)
Name two characteristics that distinguis bacteria from viruses.
Bacteria are larger
Bacteria are living (made of cells)
Bacteria are treated with antibiotics
Medicated creams or powders are used to treat infections caused by this group
Fungi
Why are antibiotics ineffective against the common cold or influenza?
Antibiotics kill living things and viruses are not living
What factor is most likely to turn a local epidemic into a global pandemic?
International Travel
HIV is a virus that specifically attacks white blood cells. Why does this make it more difficult for the body to fight off other, unrelated infections?
The body will not be able to fight other pathogens as well that enter the body
A patient stops taking antibiotics early because they feel better. What is the likely result?
A mutant bacteria survives and it's harder to treat
These often enter the body through contaminated water or insect bites (like mosquitoes) to live in the blood or intestines.
Parasites
In a study, Group A is vaccinated and Group B is not. If a virus enters the community, why does Group A show a faster "antibody response" than Group B?
Group A's immune system was "trained" to recognize the virus and has antibodies ready for it
Data shows that a new virus has a very high 'rate of infection' but a low 'mortality rate' (death rate). How does this affect its potential to become a pandemic?
a. It will never become a pandemic because it doesn't kill enough people
b. It is more likely to become a pandemic because infected people stay healthy enough to travel and spread it
c. The low death rate means the immune system isn't using any antibodies
d. It will automatically turn into an epidemic and stay in one area
B