Respiratory
This syndrome involves a sudden onset of respiratory failure marked by low oxygen levels and diffuse lung infiltrates.
What is Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
The term referring to the resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood into systemic circulation?
What is afterload?
An abnormal narrowing with partial obstruction of bronchial tissue due to smooth muscle spasm is accompanied by coughing and wheezing.
What is Bronchospasm?
This term describes the condition where the heart's chambers receive too much blood volume during diastole.
What is increased preload?
A type of shock caused by an overwhelming infection from bacteria releasing endotoxins leading to vasodilation and systemic hypotension (see page 199 in Huether et al., 2020)
What is septic shock?
Type II alveolar cells secrete a lipoprotein that coats the inner surface of the alveolus, lowers alveolar surface tension at end-expiration, and prevents lung collapse.
What is surfactant?
This type of angina occurs due to coronary artery spasm rather than coronary artery blockage.
What is Prinzmetal angina?
This term describes the thinning or breakdown of the walls of the alveoli, leading to decreased gas exchange in the lungs.
What is emphysema?
This condition involves the backward flow of blood into the left ventricle from the left atrium.
What is mitral insufficiency?
Shock caused by loss of sympathetic nerve activity and occurs with cervical and upper thoracic cord injury?
What is Neurogenic shock?
This genetic condition can lead to emphysema due to a deficiency in a protein that protects the lungs from damage.
What is alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (emphysema)?
BNP, or brain natriuretic peptide, is often elevated in this condition.
What is a lab test used to evaluate heart failure?
A form of right-sided heart failure is often a complication of this respiratory condition.
What is Cor pulmonale
Myocardial necrosis due to lack of oxygen to the tissue, evaluation of ECG for ST-segment elevation (STEMI), and troponin elevation.
What is a myocardial infarction?
Decreased cardiac output, tissue hypoxia, and the presence of adequate intravascular volume. (Pump failure)
What is cardiogenic shock?
The medical term is for cessation of breathing.
What is apnea?
This term refers to the bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to decreased oxygen levels in the blood.
What is cyanosis?
A condition marked by the formation of blood clots in the deep veins, often occurring in the lower extremities that break off and lodge in the Pulmonary artery.
What is a pulmonary embolus?
A clinical manifestation due to acute left-sided heart failure from an acute myocardial infarction, resulting in pulmonary edema.
What is Pink Frothy Sputum?
Large amounts of blood or fluid loss cause a type of shock. The use of compensatory mechanisms may be vigorous, but tissue perfusion ultimately decreases and results in impaired cellular metabolism,
What is hypovolemic shock?
An inflammatory disorder of the airways that causes periodic and reversible changes in airflow and bronchospasm and causes wheezing.
What is Asthma?
This condition, characterized by inflammation of the pericardium, can lead to chest pain and fluid accumulation around the heart.
What is pericardial effusion?
The medical term for inadequate oxygen supply to tissues and organs.
What is hypoxia?
A type of heart failure that cannot provide adequate blood flow to the pulmonary circulation, causing pressure to rise in the systemic venous circulation, resulting in peripheral edema and hepatosplenomegaly.
What is right-sided heart failure?
Shock caused by physiologic recognition of a foreign substance. The inflammatory response is triggered, and massive vasodilation and relative hypovolemia occur. Leads to impaired cellular metabolism.
What is Anaphylactic shock?