PRE-CONTACT
3 ways Indigenous communities got food before European arrival?
Hunting, fishing, farming and gathering
What does "maritime" mean?
Sea or Ocean
What's a trading post?
A place where people traded goods, near transportation routs
What was a voyageur?
A person who transported goods and pelts by canoe during the fur trade
Species of animal declined alot on the Plains in the 1800s?
Bisons
How were rivers/waterways so important to Indigenous' peoples trades?
The togetherness of communities and provided transportation routs for goods
Why were Europeans interested in trading with Indigenous peoples?
Valuable resources, and knowledge of the land
Meaning of "HBC"?
Hudson Bay's Company
Why were canoes important during the Fur Trade?
Allowing people and goods to travel efficiently though rivers/lakes
How could a drop in animal populations affect an Indigenous economy?
Reduce food, materials, trade goods, and forcing communities to adapt
Name 2 types of goods Indigenous peoples traded before European arrivals
Food, animal hides, stones, tools, plant materials, and crafted objects
Name 1 European manufactured good that was exchanged during early contact
Metal tooth's, cloth, beads, etc
Resources that was really important to the European Fur Trade?
Animal fur. More likely beaver fur
What's a portage?
When people carry a canoe and it's cargo over land between 2 waterways
Name one factor that caused major economic changes for Indigenous communities during the 1800s
Expanding settlement, changing land use, dropping an animal populations, etc
T or F: Indigenous peoples only began trading after Europeans arrived
False. They established trading networks long before European arrival
Why was Indigenous knowledge of the land so important to European newcomers?
Indigenous peoples had extensive knowledge of the land, waterways, animals, seasons, and travel routes
One major difference between the Hudson's Bay company and the North West company?
They competed for fur trade companies that used multiple strategies/networks to trade and transport goods
Why was Metis labour important to the Fur Trade?
Contributed transportation, hunting, guiding, trading and providing food and supplies
Why did transportation routes become increasingly important to the Fur Trade expanded?
Why is it inaccurate to say that Indigenous peoples had no economy before Europeans arrived?
They had complex systems of producing, exchanging, distributing, and managing resources
Why was early Indigenous-European trades more complicated than Europeans simply 'giving' Indigenous peoples goods?
It involved exchange and negotiation, and relationships and power balances changed over time
How did trading posts change existing Indigenous trade networks?
Connecting Indigenous trade networks to trade networks to European markets and changed the demand and move for certain goods
Why could rivers/lakes be called 'highways' during the Fur Trade?
Major transportation routes that connected communities, trading posts, and markets
How did environmental and economic changes affect Indigenous communities differently?
Separate communities depended on different animals, plants, lands, waterways, trade networks, so the effects varied