eye hate my life
Which of the following causes no pain when damaged? Cornea or retina
What is retina?
Highly vascularized structure in the nasopharynx should you be careful to avoid contact with when performing the otoscope exam
What is nasal septum?
A failure to respond to direct light but retaining constriction during accommodation is sometimes seen in diabetes or syphilis during this test
What is Test Pupillary Near reaction?
Affected eye is down and out when this nerve is damaged.
What is CN III (oculomotor nerve)?
List the borders of the posterior triangle of the neck.
What is trapezius, clavicle, and sternocleidomastoid?
do NOT cross the optic chiasm
What is Temporal (Retinal) Fibers?
Pair of paranasal sinuses located most posteriorly, behind ethmoid structures.
What is sphenoid sinuses?
Name three structures seen through/on TM during an otoscopic exam
pars flaccida, incus, pars tensa, cone of light umbo, malleus (handle, short process)
Miosis vs Mydriasis
Miosis = constriction
Mydriasis = dilation
Innervates only the lateral rectus muscle, horizontal diplopia The lateral rectus muscle allows for abduction (eye moving outward), restricted temporal gaze (abduction)
What is CN VI (abducens nerve)?
The vein appears to stop abruptly on either side of the artery
What is AV nicking?
If light reflections are abnormal, follow with this exam.
What is cover-uncover test?
Reason in conductive hearing loss weber test localizes to affected ear
No external noise being received by ear, easier to then hear it via vibration
Innervates only the superior oblique muscle, vertical diplopia, and if damaged, deficiency in inferior movement of an eye when attempting to look down and in.
What is CN IV (trochlear nerve)?
Lymph node group situated deep to SCM, drains the internal structures of the throat and mouth.
What is anterior cervical (superior and deep) nodes?
exophthalmos vs xanthelasma
exophthalmos - protrusion of eyeball, common feature of thyroid eye disease
xanthelasma - slightly raised, yellowish, well-circumscribed cholesterol-filled plaques
When inspecting the mouth, why do you have the Pt say ahhh
assess for symmetrical rise and fall of the soft palate and uvula
Acute Otitis Media with Purulent Effusion vs Bullous Myringitis
Acute Otitis Media with Purulent Effusion - bacterial infection (H flu or S pneumoniae), earache, fever, hearing loss; LOSS OF LANDMARKS WITH BULGING TM
Bullous Myringitis - painful, hemorrhagic vesicles on TM and/or ear canal, earache, blood-tinged discharge, conductive hearing loss, BLISTERING
Leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in the US (3 million adults)
What is open angle glaucoma?
diffuse conjuctival injection, moderate aching, deep, photophobia, decreased vision, cornea sometimes clouded
What is acute iritis?
Horner Syndrome triad
What is miosis, ptosis, anhydrosis?
Deep purple lesions in mouth, non-tender, may be flat or raised, low-grade vascular tumor associated with human herpesvirus (HHV-8)
What is kaposi sarcoma?
Fordyce spots vs koplik spots
Fordyce spots - normal sebacceous glands, appear as yellowish spots. On buccal mucosa or lips
Koplik spots - early sign of measles, small white specks on red background, usually near FIRST AND SECOND MOLARS on buccal mucosa
breakage of this barrier allows bacteria into stroma
What is epithelial layer/bowman’s membrane?
Autonomic nervous system responsible for horner's syndrome
What is sympathetic NS?