Age-Related Health Issues
What are the clinical manifestations of ADHD?
Inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.
What precautions are used for RSV?
Droplet and contact.
Name the following condition: nausea and vomiting caused by severe unilateral scrotal pain following trauma to genital region.
Testicular Torsion.
Name at least 3 telltale signs of Epiglottitis.
Tripod positioning, stridor, excessive drooling, muffled 'hot potato' voice, respiratory distress, extremely sore throat, sudden high fever.
Cystic Fibrosis
What are some risk factors/causes of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome?
Prematurity, low birth weight, maternal smoking/substance use, secondhand smoke exposure, unsafe sleep environment.
What is the mode of transmission for scabies and how is it managed?
Skin-to-skin contact; permethrin 5% (x 8-14 hours), antipruritics, and treat household.
Name the following disease: Slapped-cheek rash, joint pain and fever; tested positive for Parvovirus B19.
Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
What are the 3 main systems Cystic Fibrosis impacts?
Respiratory (lungs)
GI (pancreas, GI tract)
Reproductive (ducts)
What are Koplik Spots?
Bluish-white spots found on the buccal mucosa of a patient with measles.
What are key signs of Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma)?
Retinal hemorrhages, subdural hematoma, altered level of consciousness, irritability, poor feeding, seizures, bulging fontanel, apnea.
Name the 2 vaccinations that help to reduce the risk of pneumonia?
1. Haemophilus influenzane type B (Hib)
2. Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV)
Name the following disease: sandpaper rash and 'strawberry tongue'; complications include rheumatic heart disease and glomerulonephritis.
Scarlet Fever
What are the 3 components of the Atopic Triad?
1. Eczema
2. Allergic rhinitis
3. Asthma
What are 2 known complications of untreated Varicella?
Varicella pneumonia, meningitis, encephalitis, seizures & secondary skin infections
What two signs likely indicate a Failure to Thrive?
1. Weight drops below 5th percentile
2. Weight drops more than 2 percentile lines after previously being stable
Your patient has pertussis. Which precautions are you using and what vaccine can you get to prevent it?
1. Droplet precautions
2. DTaP (6 weeks - 6 years) or Tdap (>7 years)
Name the following disease: petechiae rash starting at wrists/ankles and spreads proximally, lab results indicate thrombocytopenia and hyponatremia.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
What are the 3 C's of Measles (Rubeola)?
1. Cough
2. Coryza (clear nasal discharge)
3. Conjunctivitis (red, irritated eyes)
What sign indicates that a patient with Varicella (Chickenpox) is no longer contagious?
What two conditions are typically caused by STDs, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea?
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and Epididymitis.
Your patient has Varicella (Chickenpox). What PPE must you don before entering their room (in correct order)?
1. Gown
2. N95 Respirator
3. Gloves
A patient presents with lymphadenopathy, an erythematous tonsils with white exudate, and petechiae on their soft palate. What is the disease & agent responsible for these signs?
Strep Throat, Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS).
What are the 3 components of asthma's pathophysiology? (Name at least 2)
1. Bronchoconstriction
2. Airway inflammation
3. Secretions/mucus plugging
For which condition is racemic epinephrine used instead of albuterol and why?
Croup, because it targets upper airways more than albuterol, which is used for lower airways (asthma, RSV occasionally).