NEWBORNS & INFANTS
A newborn turns their head toward the side of their cheek when it is touched. What reflex is this?
Rooting reflex
Discussion: This reflex helps the newborn locate the breast or bottle and is associated with feeding/hunger
What is one of the most important principles when teaching parents about toddler development?
Toddlers are developing independence and need opportunities for appropriate choices and control.
How often should a child generally have a routine dental visit according to the exam content?
Every 6 months
Approximately how many children globally report experiencing bullying?
One in three
Name three psychosocial developmental goals for adolescents.
A healthy newborn weighs 3.7 kg. Approximately how many calories does this newborn need per day?
370 kcal/day
Calculation:
3.7 kg × 100 kcal/kg/day = 370 kcal/day.
According to the course content, what is the leading cause of injury-related death during toddlerhood?
Drowning
Bonus: Name three places where drowning can occur.
Bathtub, toilet, bucket
A 3-year-old has poor weight gain. Approximately how many calories per day does the exam identify as appropriate?
1,400 calories/day
A 9-year-old can read at a third-grade level, recognizes approximately 5,000 words, and speaks in complete sentences. However, the child can stay on task for only 15–20 minutes.
Which finding requires further evaluation?
The limited ability to stay on task
Name two risky driving behaviors that adolescents are more likely to engage in.
Speeding
Impaired driving
Name two interventions a nurse should recommend to parents who are struggling with bonding and sleep after the birth of their newborn.
Any two:
A parent of a 12-month-old says, "My child isn't talking yet. What can I do to help?"
What should the nurse recommend?
Answer:
Read to the child.
Why? Interactive language exposure promotes language development.
True or False:
A preschooler should be allowed to independently brush their teeth without supervision because they have developed sufficient fine-motor skills.
False
Tooth brushing should still be supervised.
Which teaching statement demonstrates understanding of healthy nutrition?
A. "Healthy eating habits don't matter until adulthood."
B. "I'll wait until my child is older to teach healthy eating."
C. "It's easier to establish healthy eating habits during childhood."
D. "I'll put my child on a strict diet."
C
Which approach best promotes a healthy relationship with food?
A. Label foods "good" and "bad."
B. Encourage strict dietary restrictions.
C. Focus on balanced eating and portion control.
D. Encourage adolescents not to think about food.
Balanced eating and portion control
Which newborn reflex can be assessed while the newborn is sleeping?
Babinski
A toddler refuses to sit on the toilet during toilet training. What should the nurse tell the parent?
Answer:
The child may not be ready. Stop and try again in a few months.
A 4-year-old has multiple ER visits and hospitalizations for various illnesses. The parent repeatedly reports that "no one ever helps us."
What is the nurse's best initial action?
Document all assessment findings and statements made by the parent.
Name three risk factors for substance abuse in school-age children.
Substance use in the immediate family
Feeling unsafe at home
Fighting with peers
An adolescent reports burning with urination, purulent vaginal discharge, and abdominal pain.
What should the nurse do?
Provide education regarding sexually transmitted infections and appropriate evaluation.
You are teaching new parents about safe sleep. They tell you:
"We put our baby on their stomach on the couch for daytime naps because we're sitting right next to them."
What should the nurse correct?
Answer:
The newborn should be placed on their back on a firm mattress in an empty crib, even for daytime sleep.
Bonus discussion:
What else should NOT be in the crib?
Bumper pads, blankets, and other soft items.
You're teaching a parent about foods that can cause foreign-body aspiration. Which four foods from the following list should the nurse identify?
Answer:
Popcorn, grapes, hot dogs, cheese
You are caring for a 3-year-old with poor weight gain.
Which finding should make you think:
"This child needs increased caloric intake"?
A. Poor weight gain
B. Regular dental visits
C. Appropriate developmental milestones
D. Consistent sleep schedule
Poor weight gain
A 12-year-old has substance use within their immediate family, reports feeling unsafe at home, and frequently fights with peers.
What should the nurse recognize?
The child has multiple risk factors for developing substance abuse.
Discussion: Notice that the risk isn't based on one factor. It's the combination of family, home, and peer-related risks.
Which statement demonstrates correct understanding?
A. "I can skip pills occasionally."
B. "Birth control pills are 100% effective."
C. "Birth control pills only prevent STIs."
D. "I should take my pill at the same time every day."
D