Renaissance
Protestant Reformation
Misc.
Age of Exploration
Monarchs and Monarchies
100
Raphael's painting, "The School of Athens" reflects this characteristic of the Renaissance
"What is the revival of interest in classical works?"
100
Bypassing the Catholic Church's control on the production of religious texts, owners of these were able to spread new religious ideas.
"What is the Printing Press"
100
To obtain this information, DeCartes would had to use this heretical scientific procedure.
"What is dissection?"
100
According to Portuguese historian Azurara, Prince Henry of Portugual's "G" motivation was this, specifically, "his great desire to make increase in the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ"
"What is God"
100
Curbing traditional powers of the nobility was a part of this strategy for Monarchs that consolidated power in their kingdoms.
"What is centralization?"
200
The desire to reform what they saw as shortcomings of the Roman Catholic Church was an emphasis for these scholars
"Who are Northern Renaissance Humanists"
200
This guaranteed independence of numerous small German States
"What is The Peace of Westphalia"
200
Best explained by The Columbian Exchange and this new agriculture practice, during 1500-1599 unskilled labor wages decreased, while the population grew, and the economy became stagnent
"What is the Enclosure Movement"
200
The wealth of a nation was limited and needed to be carefully preserved was an important assumption of this economic philosophy.
"What is mercantilism"?
200
The conflict between the Catholic Valois family and Calvinist nobles led to this.
"What is the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre?"
300
During the years of 1561-1583, the percentage of crimes categorized as religous matters decreased, while the percentage of crimes categorized as sexual misconduct increased. This is an example of this new philosophy inspired by classic Greek society.
"What is secularism?"
300
Martin Luther and other Protestant reformers stressed the use of this, which made religious teachinng accessible to as wide as audience as possible.
"What is vernacular?"
300
Vesalius's work proved that a number of accepted ideas about the human body were wrong, proving this Classic human biologists work.
"Who is Galen?"
300
Engraved in 1592, this transfer of plants anials and diseases between the New and Old world had already begun.
"What is the Columbian Exchange?"
300
Known as the "Catholic Monarchs," this royal couple unified Spain, established the Inquisition, and funded Christopher Columbus's 1492 voyage.
Who are Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon? (Accept: Ferdinand and Isabella)
400
The Catholic Reformation inspired this art movement that sought to glorify the Catholic Church, and inspire the members.
"What is Baroque"
400
“At about this time there came to my notice the harm and havoc that were being wrought in France by these Lutherans [Protestants] and the way in which their unhappy sect was increasing. This troubled me very much..." St. Teresa of Avila wrote this in 1577 during this "Counter" movement.
"What is the Catholic Reformation"
400
This 1555 agreement ended early religious warfare in the Holy Roman Empire by establishing the principle of cuius regio, eius religio, allowing princes to choose either Lutheranism or Catholicism for their lands.
What is the Peace of Augsburg?
400
To manage the immense costs and risks of global exploration, the Dutch utilized this type of business organization, which allowed investors to buy shares and share in the profits.
What is a joint-stock company?
400
To bring peace to his war-torn nation, this French king converted to Catholicism and issued the 1598 Edict of Nantes, granting religious rights to Huguenots.
Who is Henry IV? (Accept: Henry of Navarre)
500
Deliberate use of distortion and elongation is a characteristic of this Late Renaissance art movement.
"What is Mannerism?"
500
This Dutch humanist and theologian wrote the satirical masterpiece In Praise of Folly and prepared new Latin and Greek editions of the New Testament.
Who is Desiderius Erasmus?
500
Developed in Florence during the 1400s, this artistic technique uses a single vanishing point to create a realistic illusion of three-dimensional depth on a flat surface.
What is linear perspective? (Also accept: geometric perspective)
500
The influx of massive amounts of silver from the Americas, combined with population growth, led to this period of high inflation across Europe during the 16th century.
What is the Price Revolution?
500
Ruling over a vast empire that included Spain, Austria, and the Netherlands, this Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor famously faced off against Martin Luther at the Diet of Worms in 1521.
Who is Charles V? (Also accept: Carlos I)