Atomic Radius
Which element has a larger atomic radius Carbon or Oxygen?
Carbon
What is electronegativity?
Electronegativity is the ability of the atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound
What are valence electrons?
Valence electrons are outermost electrons or electrons in the highest energy level
What is the electron configuration of Magnesum?
1s22s22p63s2
Which atom has a bigger atomic radius Chlorine or Aluminum?
Aluminum
Which element has a bigger ionization energy N or As?
N
Which of these five elements has the highest electronegativity Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl
Chlorine Cl
What is the valence for Strontium (Sr)
AND
What type and size of charge would Strontium make?
Strontium has 2 valence electrons
Cation with a +2 charge
What is the aufbau principle? (Rule relating to electron configurations)
Electrons fill lowest energy orbitals first
Which atom has a bigger atomic radius Chlorine or Calcium?
Calcium
Which element has a higher ionization energy Sulfur or Rubidium?
Sulfur
Which way does the electronegativity trend go?
Name the least and most electronegative element
Electronegativity increases as you go up and right across the periodic table, up to the noble gases
Least: Francium
Most: Fluorine
Why are noble gases unreactive?
They have full shells of electrons, they are stable, don't need to gain or lose electrons
What is hund's rule?
All orbitals must have single electron before filling up the orbital with electron of opposite spin
Why does Iodine have a bigger radius than Fluorine?
Rank these four in terms of their ionization energy (From smallest to largest):
Gallium (Ga), Phosphorus (P), Caesium (Cs), Oxygen (O)
Caesium (Cs) < Gallium (Ga) < Phosphorus (P) < Oxygen (O)
Why does electronegativity decrease as you go down the table?
As you add shells of electrons there is increased shielding of the outer electrons leading to less effective pulling in of electrons
Why is Fluorine the most reactive non-metal?
Has 7 valence electrons - needs only one more to be stable
Few number of electron shells = little shielding, best at pulling electrons to itself
1.Name the ion including charge Nitrogen forms
2. What is the configuration of the ion formed when Nitrogen loses or gains electrons?
3. Which element does the configuration match up with?
N-3
1s22s22p6
Neon
Why does Aluminum have a smaller radius than Sodium?
Aluminum has more protons and electrons in the same outer shell attracting each other, making it a smaller atomic radius
Why is ionization energy the least in the bottom left corner of the table?
Largest atoms with more shells = the most shielding
Least number of valence electrons = easiest to pull one off
What is he difference between electronegativity and ionization energy?
Ionization energy is the energy needed to remove an electron and electronegativity is the tendency to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound
Why is Francium the most reactive metal?
Lots of shells of electrons = lots of shielding making it even easier to remove electron to make cation
What is the electron configuration for Francium or Fr?
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s24f145d106p67s1