Perm Theory
This outermost layer of the hair must be opened before a perm solution can effectively penetrate the hair.
What is the Cuticle?
This primarily determines the size of the finished curl.
What is rod size?
This common reducing agent is found in most alkaline permanent waves.
What is ammonium thioglycolate?
This is always the first step before selecting rods or mixing any chemicals?
What is client consultation?
These should always be worn whenever handling perm solution if recommended by the manufacturer or school policy.
What are gloves?
Permanent waving works by breaking and reforming these side bonds found in the cortex.
What are disulfide bonds?
Besides rod size, this determines whether the rod can make the proper number of revolutions around the hair.
What is hair length?
This product rebuilds the disulfide bonds after the perm solution has completed its work.
What is neutralizer?
After the hair is wrapped and before the perm solution is applied, this protective barrier should be placed around the hairline.
What is cotton (or a cotton barrier)?
Before beginning any perm service, these two items should always be disinfected and prepared.
What are Implements (tools) & Workstation
This hair characteristic measures the hairs ability to stretch and return to its original length.
This wrapping design decision allows the stylist to direct movement where it is most flattering for the finished style. Examples: Toward the face, away from the face, Off a side part & counterclockwise.
What is directional wrapping?
This chemical process occurs when the perm solution softens and breaks the disulfide bonds.
What is reduction?
Before neutralizer is applied, the hair must first be rinsed thoroughly for several minutes and then this step must be completed.
What is blotting the hair to remove excess moisture?
If perm solution accidentally gets into the guest's eyes, this should happen immediately.
What is flushing the eyes thoroughly with cool water and following emergency procedures?
This characteristic describes the diameter of the individual strand of hair.
What is texture?
When designing a perm, these three factors should guide your rod placement.
What is the desired finished style, haircut and head shape?
This chemical process occurs after rinsing when the neutralizer reforms the disulfide bonds into their new shape?
What is reduction?
Applying neutralizer before thoroughly rinsing out the perm solution could lead to this undesirable result.
What is incomplete curl formation or uneven curl development?
A used end paper falls onto the floor during the service. According to infection control practices, What should you do?
What is stop, discard end paper to trash, sanitize hands and use a new one.
Before performing a perm, these two hair analyses help determine both the proper solution strength and whether the service should be performed at all.
What are porosity & elasticity?
A guest wants loose waves through the ends but volume at the crown. This means your perm should use this design instead of identical rods and placement everywhere.
What is customized perm design?
Acid-Balanced perms generally have a lower pH than alkaline perms, making them a better choice for this type of hair?
What is color-treated, porous, or fragile hair?
Put these 5 major steps in the correct order:
-Neutralizing
-Consultation
-Rinsing
-Wrapping
-Applying Solution
Consultation-->Wrapping-->Applying Solution-->Rinsing-->Neutralizing
Name four examples of professional client care provided during a perm service.
-Complete a thorough consultation
-Perform proper hair analysis
-Drape the guest correctly
-Protect the skin with barrier cream/cotton
-Monitor guest comfort throughout the service
-Follow manufactures directions
-Check processing appropriately
-Provide home care recommendations
-Recommend professional products
-Maintain proper sanitation and infection control throughout the service