P
Dig Toxicity may be precipitated by this F&E imbalance?
Hypokalemia
K+ 3.5-5 is normal range
This is your antidote for Heparin??
This is your antidote for Coumadin?
Protamine Sulfate
Vit K
When taking a Beta Blocker you should educate your patient on?
Do not stop taking abruptly!!! This can cause dysrhythmias!
How to access HR and BP at home
You'll educate your patient that they should be taking their HMG-CoA drug how?
At bedtime!
Your body produces lipids primarily at night!!!
You should assess your patient who is on Coumadin for this increased risk?
Bleeding!
Also, be sure to assess meds that increase the potency of Coumadin for an even more increase of bleeding risk.
Your patient might complain of this annoying side effect to their HCP when taking Lisinopril??
ACE
awful, dry cough! MD may take them off this med and switch if bad enough.
Your patient is on a combo of ACE, BB, and diuretic. You will monitor them closely for??
Hypotension
Maybe even hypoK+ if on Lasix!
Pt teaching for a patient going home with SL Nitro?
bottle stays in a dark, airtight bottle
Place it under tongue and do not chew it or crush it
Take with the first hint of angina
Lie down when you take it
Normal to have burning sensation
If no relief in 5 mins, call 911. Take 2nd pill with cont angina. wait 5 more mins and take 3rd pill if still cont angina. 3 doses max. wait for EMS.
What lab is used to monitor Coumadin?
What lab is used to monitor Heparin?
INR
aPTT
This is a main goal for most diuretics?
_____________ has been shown to slow the progression of heart failure and decrease hospitalization frequency in clients with mild to moderate (class II or III) HF?
Carvedilol (Coreg)
A phosphodiesterase inhibitor is the drug classification for medications used to treat?
This should never be taken along with?
erectile dysfunction.
Vasodilators like Nitro!
Normal HDL should be ________, LDL should be _______, and total cholesterol should be ________.
60 mg/dl or above
less than 100 mg/dl
less than 200 mg/dl
Administering nitroprusside too quickly can result in ....
What can you do if your patient experiences this while on IV drip?
abdominal pain, apprehension, diaphoresis, dizziness, headache, muscle twitching, nausea, palpitations, restlessness, retching, and retrosternal discomfort.
SLOW the drip per protocol and call Dr!
Things to monitor for when your patient is on a diuretic??
This drug is used for SVT.
Something really special happen when we give this also... what is it? What do you do?
Adenosine!
A very brief period of asystole is expected when administering adenosine. YIKES! The half-life of adenosine is only 10 seconds, and the asystole only lasts for a few seconds (It SHOULD.....)
Pernicious anemia occurs when the gastric mucosa cannot produce _________ leading to an inability for ___________ to be absorbed.
intrinsic factor
vitamin B12
Beta-blockers competitively block beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart and kidneys, decreasing the sympathetic nervous system's influence on these tissues and the excitability of the heart.. this help a patient with angina how???
It decreases the strength of cardiac contraction, reducing cardiac output, which results in lowered blood pressure and decreased cardiac workload.
When would you expect to admin IV Lidocaine??
Life threatening ventricular arrhythmias!
VTACH!! (define VTach!)
This is the ONLY antiHTN that can be used in a transdermal patch? What class is this drug?
Clonidine
Alpha 2 Agonist
Epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit) is a biosynthetic form of the natural hormone_____________ , which is normally secreted by the kidneys in response to a __________________. Epoetin is used to treat _____________?
erythropoietin
decrease in RBC
Anemia
Symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, weakness, and pica
Iron def anemia
Iron deficiency anemia occurs as a result of insufficient iron. Without enough iron, the body can't produce enough hemoglobin.
What is important about Nesiritide? Who would be given this drug??
used in the ICU setting as a final effort to treat severe, life-threatening heart failure, often in combination with several other cardiostimulatory meds.
Nesiritide, a recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide, is the first in a new drug class for the treatment of decompensated heart failure. The drug binds to receptors in the vasculature, kidney, adrenal gland, and brain, and overcomes resistance to endogenous BNP present in patients with CHF.
The red blood cells in a client with this anemia (___________________) become hard and sticky and have a ___________ appearance.
sickle cell anemia
C-shape
These sickle cells die early, which results in a constant shortage of red blood cells.
Deferoxamine is administered IM, IV, or subcutaneously to treat?
elevated iron levels