Identity
Which philosopher said the famous quote “I think therefore I am”?
Rene Descartes
Which philosopher believed in the Golden Mean?
Aristotle
“Life has no fixed purpose unless you give it one yourself.” This idea belongs to which philosophy?
Existentialism
Which philosopher believed that “beauty exists only in the mind and is based on personal perception and feeling?”
David Hume
What is substance dualism?
Substance dualism is where the mind and body are two separate things, but they do interact with each other. The mind is non-physical, and the body is physical.
“Humans are innately selfish and act only upon self-interest.” Which philosopher said this?
Thomas Hobbes.
What is hedonic adaptation?
People return to a “normal level” of happiness after good or bad events.
What is subjective beauty?
Subjectivity is when the perception of information depends on an individual’s perception, opinion, feelings, or tastes.
What theory did Empedocles propose
When you die, your soul leaves your body and moves into another body. Or reincarnation.
What is Utilitarianism?
Utilitarianism is where the right action is which creates the most happiness for the most people.
What are the four pillars of meaning according to Emily Esfahani Smith?
Belonging, purpose, transcendence, and storytelling.
How does Plato view art differently from Aristotle?
Plato believed art is just a copy of reality and can mislead people. Aristotle believed art helps us understand life better.
In the ship of the thesis what was the philosophical question being asked?
If each part of a ship is replaced over time, is it still the same ship? This paradox reflects whether identity depends on physical continuity or if it can exist without the body.
In the Ring of Gyges story, what does Glaucon argue about human morality?
Glaucon argues that people are only “good” because they are afraid of punishment! If they could act without consequences, they would act selfishly and this world would become very unjust. (like the purge)
What are the 5 main reasons for meaning from philosopher Confucianism?
Ren (kindness), filial piety, self-improvement, social harmony, and education.
What can the “monkey selfie” case question about art, ownership and authenticity?
It raises the question of whether only humans can create art, or if something made it without intentions can be art.
Why does Locke's Mind Theory create a problem for infants and their personal identity?
Locke’s theory is a problem for infants because it says personal identity comes from memory. Since babies don’t have clear memories, it questions how they can be considered the same person later in life.
Explain why Kant believed lying is always wrong, even if it could save someone's life. Use the categorical imperative in your explanation.
Because, If everyone lied, trust would break, so lying cannot be a universal rule. Even if it helps in one situation. So since it's not a universal rule, it's morally wrong to do so.
How does Maslow’s Hierarchy of Basic Needs explain why some people struggle to find meaning in life?
Maslow says people must meet basic needs first (food, safety ect.). If those are not met, they can’t focus on higher needs like purpose. That's why it's important to fulfill your basic needs first before climbing the hierarchy.
How does society and culture change what people think is beautiful or counts as art?
Because culture, media, and society teach people different standards. What counts as “beautiful” or “art” changes depending on where and how you grow up!! As well as the artist and what value we put on them.