Branches of Philosophy
Give the definition of Axiology.
The study of value.
Which philosopher is most closely associated with Deontology?
Immanuel Kant
Why is utility abstract?
Defined differently for different moral agents.
Define virtue theory.
Focuses on individual's moral character.
What are the four components of ethics?
1. Moral agent
2. Action
3. Consequence
4. Recipient
Give the definition of metaphysics.
The study of the most general features of reality; such as existence, time, the relationship between mind and body, events process and causation.
What does Deontology mean?
Duty-based ethics.
Utilitarianism is also known as what other name?
Consequentialist ethics
Aristotle defines "happiness" as...
Reasoning well
Give an example of the four components of ethics.
Varies
Give the definition of logic.
The study of correct reasoning.
What are Kant's 4 illustrations?
1. No suicide
2. No lying
3. Improve yourself
4. Benevolence
Define Utilitarianism.
Consequence based > Intention
How can humans be virtuous?
Reason well - golden mean
Define the Greek translation of “philosophia”.
Love of wisdom.
Give the definition of epistomology.
The study of knowledge, such as the relationships between truth, belief, perception and theories of justification.
How would a deontologist respond to the claim - "I may make a false promise in order to reap financial gain."
Can't do this according to the 4 illustrations
What is the moral calculus of Utilitarianism?
(amount of good produced) – (amount of evil produced) = “utility” of the act
Excess and deficiency
What is the excess and deficiency of compassion?
Pity and indifference.
Define the branches of Axiology.
Ethics - studies how we should act
Aesthetics - values of beauty
Social/political - values of social/political economies
How would a deontologist respond to the claim - "I may refuse to help another person in distress who cannot pay me, even though I could do so at little cost to myself."
Can't do this according to the 4 illustrations.
Why might other philosophers find issues with Utilitarianism?
Varies
What is the excess and deficiency of courage?
Recklessness and cowardice.
Define philosophy.
A search for a general understanding of values and reality by chiefly speculative rather than observational means