Function
What is the biological function of the larynx? (Nicole)
It houses the vocal folds
What are 4 location-based categories for Muscles in the Phonatory System? (David)
Extrinsic, Intrinsic, Suprahyoid, Infrahyoid
True or false: The epiglottis is a leaf-like cartilage whose main purpose is to act as a “bouncer” to the airway?(Victoria)
True
True or False: Vowels can be voiceless (Jayda)
False
What are the functions of F1 & F2? (Daniella)
F1=length of vocal tract, F2=placement
What starts Phonation? (Daniella)
Subglottal pressure builds up.
This muscle, also known as the vocalis muscle, is found within the vocal folds and plays a crucial role in phonation. (Simona)
Thyroarytenoid Muscle
What is the main purpose of the thyroid cartilage? (Victoria)
Supporter of vocal mechanism and protect the vocal folds.
How do we identify consonants? (Isabella K)
Voice, Placement, and Manner
What is the only bone in the Phonatory system? (David)
The Hyoid Bone
What aspect of the vocal folds is crucial to proper sound production? (David)
Elasticity
What are adductor muscles and what is an example of one? (Nicole)
Muscles that bring the vocal folds together.
Example: transverse arytenoid
This largest cartilage of the larynx contains the “Adam's Apple” (Simona)
Thyroid Cartilage
How do we identify vowels? (Isabella K)
tongue height, tongue advancement, and lip rounding
Is the velum opened or closed for nasal sounds? (Simona)
Open
What ends phonation? (Victoria)
Abduction of vocal folds, pressure dropping causing vocal folds to not suck together
What is the function of the sternothyroid? (Jayda)
Depresses larynx
What is the purpose of the arytenoid cartilages? (Emma)
rock and rotates the vocal folds
What is the definition of Bernoulli’s effect? (Isabella K)
This is when there is a decrease in pressure perpendicular to the flow and an increase in velocity at a point of constriction in the flow when there is a constant volume.
What are the 5 layers of the vocal folds? (Daniella)
1. epithelial layer
2. Basement Membrane
3. Superior Lamina Propria
4. Intermediate Lamina Propria
5. Deep Lamina Propria
What are the three stages of Phonation and what do they mean? (Nicole)
Onset = when phonation begins
Sustained phonation = as a person is talking
Offset = when phonation ends
What is the function of the thyrohyoid muscle? (Jayda)
Elevates the larynx
What shape would refer to the cricoid cartilage as? (David)
A signet ring
True or false: a higher frequency = higher pitch and is measured in hertz (Emma)
True
How does spasmodic dysphonia affect the vocals folds? (Emma)
Involuntary spasms interrupt the vocal fold vibrations and make speaking difficult. It can cause hoarseness of the voice, weakness, and shakiness