Vroom! Vroom!
This fundamental law of motion states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
What is Newton's Second Law of Motion (F = ma)?
This physical quantity is defined as the force acting normally per unit area, and its standard SI unit is the pascal (Pa).
What is pressure?
These are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
What are isotopes?
This physical quantity is defined as the rate of flow of electric charge and is measured in Amperes (A)
What is electric current?
The distance traveled by light through a vacuum in one Earth year.
What is a light-year?
When a car travels at a constant speed around a circular track, the net force pointing toward the center of the circle is given by this specific name.
What is centripetal force?
This is the mathematical formula used to calculate the pressure beneath the surface of a liquid, involving density, gravitational field strength, and depth.
What is p = rhogh?
This type of nuclear radiation consists of high-speed electrons emitted from the nucleus.
What is beta ($\beta$) radiation (or beta-particles)?
According to Ohm's Law, for a conductor at constant temperature, the current is directly proportional to this quantity across it.
What is potential difference (or voltage)?
The apparent increase in the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation from a galaxy moving away from Earth.
What is redshift?
This law of motion states that an object either remains at rest or continues to move in a straight line at constant speed unless acted on by a resultant force.
What is Newton's First Law of Motion?
This simple U-tube device containing a liquid is commonly used in physics laboratories to measure the pressure difference of a gas supply relative to the atmosphere.
What is a manometer?
This is defined as the time taken for the activity of a radioactive source to decrease to half of its original value.
What is half-life?
This electrical component is designed to melt and break the circuit if the current exceeds a safe limit, and it must always be connected to the live wire.
What is a fuse?
The outward radiation pressure in a stable main sequence star is balanced by this inward force.
What is gravitational attraction (gravitational force)?
This opposing force acts when a surface moves over another, which not only impedes motion but also converts kinetic energy into this form of energy.
What is thermal energy (or heat)?
This meteorological instrument utilizes a column of mercury to measure atmospheric pressure.
What is a barometer?
This historical physics experiment involved firing alpha particles at a very thin gold foil, providing evidence that an atom has a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus.
What is the alpha-particle scattering experiment (Rutherford scattering)?
This unit of energy, commonly used by utility companies for billing, is equivalent to the energy transferred by a 1000W appliance in one hour.
What is the kilowatt-hour (kWh)?
Electromagnetic radiation left over from the early stage of the Universe that fills all space uniformly at a temperature of about 2.7K
What is Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR)?
This property is defined as the ability of an object to resist a change in its state of rest or motion, and it depends directly on the object's mass.
What is inertia?
This structural reason explains why the walls of a deep-water dam or a submarine must be made significantly thicker and stronger near the bottom than near the top.
What is pressure increasing with depth?
This nuclear process involves splitting a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy and triggering a chain reaction.
What is nuclear fission?
This semi-conductor device's resistance decreases significantly when the intensity of light falling on it increases.
What is a Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR)?
The dense remnant left behind after a massive star undergoes a supernova explosion, composed entirely of densely packed subatomic particles.
What is a neutron star (or black hole)?