Muscles Origins/Insertions
Name the muscles that inserts into the Calcaneus via the Calcaneal Tendon
Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris
What is the action of the "deep 6" gluteal muscles?
External Rotation of the Hip
Tibial (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3)
Identify the landmark where the external iliac artery changes its name to the femoral artery
Anterior pelvic tilt can lead to what type of abnormal curvature of the vertebral column?
Excessive lumbar lordosis
Name the muscle that inserts on the medial lip of the linea aspera AND the adductor tubercle
Adductor Magnus
Name the muscle group that abducts digits 2-4? Which layer of the foot are they in?
Dorsal Interossei, 4th Layer
Name the two nerves that contain L2, L3, and L4 fibers
Femoral and Obturator
Name the artery (broad) that supplies the pelvic viscera and blood of the proximal lower limb (gluteal region, iliac fossa, and proximal medial thigh)
Internal Iliac Artery
Which part of the femur is most commonly fractured?
The neck of the femur (the narrowest and weakest part of the bone)
Which of the erector spinae muscles inserts on a bone in the head?
Longissimus Capitis; Mastoid Process of the Temporal Bone
Name 3 muscles that contribute to trunk flexion
Rectus Abdominus, External oblique (bilaterally), Internal Oblique (Bilaterally)
Name the 4.5 muscles that are innervated by the obturator nerve
Gracilis, Adductor Brevis, Adductor Longus, Adductor Magnus (Adductor part), Obturator Externus
Name the artery that supplies most of the blood to the head and neck of the femur
Medial Circumflex Femoral Artery
Describe the nerve and compartments involved in "Foot Drop"
Common Fibular Nerve, involves both the lateral and anterior leg compartments
Name the 3 muscles that insert via the Pes Anserinus tendon
Sartorius, Gracilis, Semitendinosus
Which muscle flexes BOTH the hip and the knee?
Sartorius
Name the roots that make up the lumbar and sacral plexuses.
Lumbar (L1-L4), Sacral (L4-S4)
Describe the two veins that arise from the dorsal venous arch, including where they drain
Small saphenous vein, lateral side, drains into the popliteal vein
Great saphenous vein, medial side, drains into the femoral vein
Describe the relationship between the tibia and the femur following an ACL tear.
Tibia slides anteriorly (femur slides posteriorly)
Which muscle inserts on all 5 tarsal bones and the bases of the 2nd through 4th metatarsals?
Tibialis Posterior
Name the actions of the Tibialis Anterior and Tibialis Posterior muscles. Include the joints
TA: dorsiflex the ankle (Talocrural), invert the foot (Subtalar, Talocalcaneal)
TP: plantarflex the ankle (Talocrural), invert the foot (Subtalar, Talocalcaneal)
Describe the 6 nerves that provide sensory innervation to the foot (dorsal and plantar surfaces)
Saphenous (medial side of foot)
Superficial Fibular (dorsal side of foot)
Deep fibular (web space between 1st and 2nd digits)
Medial Plantar (Skin of medial 3.5 digits)
Lateral Plantar (Skin of lateral 1.5 digits)
Sural (Lateral margin of the foot)
Describe how both the anterior and posterior tibial arteries terminate
Anterior tibial passes deep to the extensor retinaculum (midway between the malleoli) and changes its name to the dorsalis pedis
Posterior tibial passes deep to the flexor retinaculum and divides into medial and lateral plantar arteries
Name the nerve involved in "Jogger's Foot"
Medial Plantar Nerve