Pollination
Name 2 types of animal pollinators
Animals such as bees, hummingbirds, ants, and bats.
The male gamete of a flowering plant is found inside this tiny structure.
Pollen grain
Moving seeds away from the parent plant is known as this.
Seed dispersal
The process in which a seed begins to grow into a new plant has this name.
Germination.
Which fruit has its seeds on the outside?
Strawberries
What part of the plant makes the pollen?
The stamen - anther sits on top of the filament
Female gametes (egg cells) are found inside these structures within the ovary.
Ovules
Dandelion seeds have a parachute of fine hairs. Why?
For wind dispersal.
During germination, the radicle grows into this part of the plant and the plumule grows into this part.
The radicle becomes the root. The plumule becomes the shoot.
How many bones are in the adult human body?
206
Whose job is it to capture pollen? Name the structure and one feature of it that helps it get pollen.
The pistil (stigma), usually sticky on top.
After landing on the stigma, the pollen grain grows this structure down the style towards the ovule.
Pollen tube
A coconut uses this method of seed dispersal.
Water dispersal
What is the other name for the first root in germination?
Radicle
What is the biggest desert in the world?
Antarctica
Give two features of a wind-pollinated flower that you would NOT expect to see on an insect-pollinated flower.
Any two: small, dull petals (or none); no scent or nectar; anthers hanging outside the flower; large, feathery stigma; lots of light, smooth pollen
After fertilisation, the ovule develops into ____ and the ovary develops into ____.
The ovule becomes the seed. The ovary becomes the fruit.
Bidibid (piripiri) seeds have tiny hooks. How are they dispersed?
By animals (external). The hooks catch on fur, wool or clothing and the seeds are carried away and later drop off.
The part of a new plant that begins to grow upward.
The first shoot
What's the largest organ in the human body?
The skin
Grass flowers release millions of pollen grains, but an orchid releases very few. Explain why.
Wind pollination is random, so most pollen never lands on a stigma and a huge amount is needed for success. Insects carry pollen directly from flower to flower of the same species, so much less is wasted.
Describe 2 advantages of both asexual vs sexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction: genetic variation, better adaptation to changing environments, removes bad mutations, disease resistance in the population
Asexual reproduction: fast, low energy cost, no need to find a mate, can produce at high rates (keep the population going)
Give two reasons why it is an advantage for a plant to disperse its seeds away from the parent.
Any two: less competition with the parent (and each other) for light, water, nutrients and space; new areas can be colonised; reduces the spread of disease or pests concentrated around the parent
Name three things seeds need in order to germinate.
Optimal temperature, moisture/water, soil nutrients, light (depending on the plant) etc.
How long is all of the DNA together in the human body?
37 billion to 74 billion kms