Natural Population Change Metrics
This term refers to the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population in a given year
What is the Crude Birth Rate (CBR)?
Among social and cultural determinants, higher levels of this are generally associated with smaller average family sizes, due to greater career opportunities and increased awareness of birth control.
What is education (or female literacy)?
On a standard population pyramid, the vertical axis represents age groups while the horizontal axis represents these two metrics.
What are percentage and number (or males and females)?
This is the mathematical formula used to calculate the overall dependency ratio.
What is [(Number of young dependents 0–14 + elderly dependents 65+) divided by the population of working age (15–64)] multiplied by 100?
A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of this specific value is considered the replacement birth rate.
What is 2.1?
In many traditional rural LEDCs, fertility rates remain high because children are viewed as assets rather than as consumers.
What are economic assets (or producers/security for old age)?
An expansive population pyramid is typically characterized by this distinct feature at the bottom, indicating a high proportion of children.
What is a wide base?
A population pyramid showing ages 1–14 over 30% and ages 65+ under 6% is classified as having this type of population.
What is a "youthful population"?
This is calculated by finding the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate.
What is Natural Increase (or Natural Decrease)?
Government-led initiatives introduced to actively try and increase population growth are known by this term.
What are pro-natalist policies?
This specific age bracket constitutes the "economically active" or working population.
What is ages 15 to 64?
If a country has a dependency ratio of 63, it means that every 100 economically active people must support this many dependents.
What is 63 dependents?
This vital statistic measures the number of babies out of every 1,000 born who die before reaching their first birthday.
What is the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)?
Poor sanitation and polluted water transmitting diseases like cholera and typhoid fall under this category of factors affecting mortality.
What are Environmental Determinants?
Sudden bulges on one side of a population pyramid are usually indicators of this demographic event or process.
What is in-migration (or a past baby boom)?
A major economic problem associated with a large youthful population is the increased government expenditure required for these two primary social services.
What are healthcare and education facilities?
Classification for crude death rates in the Caribbean: a rate falling between 10 and 15 deaths per 1,000 people is officially described as such
What is "Low"?
In certain religious groups, such as Roman Catholics and Muslims, opposition to this specific practice maintains higher fertility levels.
What is artificial birth control (family planning)?
A contractive population pyramid, typical of countries like Sweden, indicates that the nation has this type of ageing population structure.
What is an aging population (lower numbers of younger people / older median age)?
An ageing population creates financial strain on the working class, often forcing governments to implement measures regarding retirement.
What is increasing the retirement age (or raising taxes/pension contributions)?