Majority of the housing system is unenclosed, allowing birds to forage naturally. Fulfills the "organic protocol" fulfillment.
What are free-range systems?
100
Practice where 2/3 of the upper beak and 1/4 of the lower beak is mechanically removed. Usually performed on chicks.
What is debeaking?
100
Method that severs the head from the rest of the body.
What is decapitation?
100
Most commonly used method of slaughter. Occurs after major blood vessels are severed.
What is exsanguination?
200
The most common poultry housing set-up. Characterized by small, usually individual cages with very minimal space.
What are traditional housing systems?
200
Done most commonly to brooder males: 3rd toe is cauterized to decrease bullying related injuries.
What is toe-trimming?
200
Exposure to this gas causes drowsiness and eventually unconsciousness. This gas is heavier than air so settles in the lungs, eventually causing suffocation.
What is carbon monoxide poisoning?
200
Stunning method where inhalants are used to knock the bird unconscious.
What is gas stunning?
300
Very expensive to implement, characterized by stacked tiers, manure belts, littered areas and high ceilings. HINT: modified versions of these (lacking manure belts) are often found in zoos.
What are aviary systems?
300
Practice where only birds with desirable characteristics are allowed to mate and reproduce in an attempt to "further" the breed.
What is selective breeding?
300
Only allowed on free-range operations. Large danger to other birds and handler if done incorrectly. May need multiple attempts to successfully kill the animal.
What is lethal gunshot?
300
Stunning method where large voltages are applied to the animal to produce unconsciousness and paralysis.
What is electrical stunning?
400
Can house LARGE amounts of birds in one unit. Characterized by littered areas, perches and large nesting box units.
What are furnished cage systems?
400
Very young chicks have part of the tissue on their head removed so as to prevent future tearing and "catching" injuries.
What is partial comb removal?
400
Usually done by hand on small operations: bird is paralyzed due to spinal trauma.
What is cervical dislocation or "neck-wringing?"
400
This religious sect requires slaughter with no stunning process, found most commonly in Israel.
What is Shechita (Jewish sect)?
500
Toxic substance, government regulated maximum intake for bird and human exposure is 25 ppm.
What is ammonia?
500
"Principle of Conservation of __________" Principle that supports genetic manipulation in birds as long as the practice led to economic gain and the animal's wellbeing was not obviously lessened.
What is Principle of Conservation of WELFARE?
500
Commonly used for unwanted chicks but also legal to use on grown birds. Animals are inserted into a high-speed grinder to cause immediate death.
What is Maceration?
500
TRUE OR FALSE: Birds that are euthanized are allowed to be used for human consumption.