Challenges to State Sovereignty
What is globalization?
This process increases connections between countries through trade, communication, and technology, sometimes limiting state control.
What is legitimacy?
This term means the belief that a government or authority has the right to rule
What are NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations)?
Organizations like Greenpeace or Amnesty International are examples of these actors.
What are democratic elections?
Free and fair voting processes that help governments gain legitimacy.
This theory believes states focus mainly on power, national interest, and security in an international system without a central authority.
Realism
What are international organizations?
These organizations, such as the UN or WTO, can influence the decisions of national governments.
What is loss of legitimacy?
When citizens lose confidence in their government because of corruption or poor leadership, this may happen.
What is expertise?
Non-state actors often gain legitimacy when people trust their knowledge and professional skills, known as this.
What is transparency?
When governments openly share information and decisions with the public, this strengthens legitimacy.
This theory argues that cooperation, diplomacy, and international organizations can help maintain peace between countries.
Liberalism
What are multinational corporations?
Companies like Apple or Amazon that operate in many countries and influence global markets are called these.
What is public trust or legitimacy?
Political stability is more likely when governments have a high level of this from citizens.
What is public support?
When an organization is supported by many people or communities, it gains legitimacy through this.
What is corruption?
This illegal practice, where officials use power for personal benefit, often causes loss of legitimacy.
This perspective believes conflicts should be resolved without violence and strongly opposes war.
Pacifism
What are global environmental challenges?
Issues like climate change that cross borders and require cooperation between countries are known as these types of problems.
What are elections?
This political process often provides legitimacy because citizens choose their leaders through voting.
What are human rights?
Organizations that defend universal protections such as freedom and equality gain legitimacy through promoting these.
What is public participation?
Allowing citizens to take part in decision-making strengthens legitimacy through this process.
According to this theory, states prioritize survival and power, often competing with other states.
Realism
What are terrorist organizations?
Violent groups that operate across borders and challenge state authority through attacks are called these actors
They are different groups, organizations or people that are not part of the government but influence in their decisions
What is international recognition?
When organizations work with institutions like the UN or governments, they gain legitimacy through this type of recognition.
What is loss of legitimacy?
When governments fail to provide security, services, or economic stability, they may experience this.
This theory supports the idea that institutions like the UN and international laws help countries work together peacefully.
Liberalism