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Mitosis is the division of the cell.
What is the purpose of mitosis?
Creates mRNA from DNA ; occurs in the nucleus and requires RNA polymerase to construct the RNA molecule.
What is transcription?
One DNA base is inserted into a gene sequence.
What is insertion?
Two identical alleles are homozygous (Ex : ff) while two different alleles are heterozygous (Ex : Ff)
What is homozygous and heterozygous?
Chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis resulting in reproductive cells that either have extra or less chromosomes.
What is nondisjunction?
During this process, chromosome will line up at the center of the cell and then separate at the centromere.
What happens to chromosomes during this process?
Forming of protein by decoding the message in the mRNA.
What is translation?
One DNA base is deleted from a gene sequence.
What is deletion?
The genes we inherit compose our genotype while the physical characteristics we possess are phenotypes.
What is genotype and phenotype?
When a segment of a chromosome is removed or lost.
What is deletion DNA mutation?
Benign : Non-cancerous cells that do not spread.
Malignant : Cancerous cells that spread.
Sequence of 3 nucleotides on the mRNA that code for a specific amino acid.
What are codons?
Frameshift mutations are caused by insertions or deletions.
Which causes changes in the reading frame of the mRNA?
Organized profile of a person's chromosomes.
What is a karyotype?
Part of a chromosome is placed in the wrong orientation compared to the rest of the chromosomes.
What is inversion?
Proteins are a type of biomolecule and are the primary building blocks of all life.
What are protein functions?
Found on the tRNA and carries the amino acid to the ribosome.
What are anti-codons?
For every gene, we have two copies in each of our cells: one copy is inherited via the egg and the other via the sperm.
What are alleles and genes?
Process that produces gametes.
What is the purpose of meiosis?
What is duplication?
Driving cellular reactions, providing defense, building structures, transporting materials, coordinating cellular activities and movement.
What are the categories of protein functions?
One DNA base is exchanged for another, such as switching an A to G.
What is a substitution?
The stronger allele is known as the dominant gene, and the weaker allele is known as the recessive gene.
What are dominant and recessive traits?
Reduction division.
What happens to chromosomes during the meiosis process?
Two chromosomes swap segments.
What is translocation?