Amino Acids
The charge on a zwitterion
What is zero?
A chain of linked amino acids
What is a polypeptide?
chemical catalysts that regulate chemical reacitons
What are enzymes?
unique amino acid sequence in a polypeptide chain
What is the primary structure?
The site on an enzyme where a reaction stakes place
What is the active site?
The chemical groups that determines the specific properties of each amino acid
What is a side chain or r-group?
Covalent bond between two amino acids in a polypeptide chain
What is peptide bond
Required for the hydrolysis of proteins
What is water and enzymes
Disrupting the secondary and tertiary forms of a protein without breaking peptide bonds
What is the denaturation?
Substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, temperature. pH
What are factors that affect enzyme activity?
monomers that make up the building blocks of proteins
What are amino acids
the end of the protein that contains the amino group
What is the N-terminus?
connective tissues- tendons, ligaments, hair
What are structural proteins?
ways a protein folds or coils in its secondary structure
What are alpha helix and pleated sheets?
Substance that decreases enzyme activity
What is an inhibitor?
Amino group, carboxyl group, alpha carbon, hydrogen atom, chemical R group
What is the general structure of an amino acid?
Type of reaction that forms a link between two amino acids
What is dehydration synthesis reaction?
Type of proteins such as transport proteins that form roughly spherical shapes and are soluble in water
What are globular proteins?
the overall three-dimensional shape of a protein
What is the tertiary structures
Nonprotein molecules or ions required by an enzyme for catalytic activity
What are enzyme cofactors?
Property of non-polar amino acids that cause them to fold inside a protein
What is hydrophobic?
The oxidation of two cysteine amino acids that contributes to the tertiary structure of a protein
What is a disulfide bond?
Inactive form of a protein that is activated at the site where it is needed
What is a zymogen?
Type of bonds that are found exterior in a globular protein
What is hydrophilic bonds such as hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions
Type of inhibitor that is similar in shape to a substrate
What is a competitive inhibitor?