Protestant Reformation Jeopardy
Who was the leader of the Catholic Church?
The Pope.
What document did Martin Luther write in 1517?
The 95 Theses.
What new branch of Christianity developed from Martin Luther's teachings?
Lutheranism.
What was the Catholic Church's movement to reform itself and respond to Protestantism called?
The Counter-Reformation.
What invention helped Protestant beliefs spread quickly throughout Europe?
The printing press.
What was the practice of selling Church positions called?
Simony.
What Church practice was Martin Luther criticizing in his 95 Theses?
The sale of indulgences.
Which French religious reformer established a Protestant community in Geneva, Switzerland?
John Calvin.
What council met between 1545 and 1563 to address problems within the Catholic Church?
The Council of Trent.
What law made Henry VIII the head of the Church of England in 1534?
The Act of Supremacy.
What were indulgences?
Reductions in punishment for sins that had already been forgiven.
According to Martin Luther, how does a person receive salvation?
Through faith alone.
What does predestination mean?
The belief that God has already determined who will be saved.
Who founded the Jesuits in 1540?
Ignatius of Loyola.
What agreement allowed German rulers to choose between Catholicism and Lutheranism in 1555?
The Peace of Augsburg.
Name two problems within the Catholic Church that caused people to demand reform.
Corruption, simony, abuse of indulgences, or Church officials focusing on wealth and power.
What happened to Martin Luther after he refused to take back his religious beliefs?
He was excommunicated and later declared an outlaw through the Edict of Worms.
Why did King Henry VIII separate England from the Catholic Church?
The Pope refused to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
Name two actions taken by the Catholic Church during the Counter-Reformation.
Addressing corruption, improving priest training, reaffirming Catholic teachings, and expanding religious education.
What major European conflict ended with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648?
The Thirty Years' War.
How did the Renaissance and printing press help prepare Europe for the Protestant Reformation?
The Renaissance encouraged questioning traditional ideas, while the printing press helped spread new religious beliefs throughout Europe.
Why was the printing press important to the success of Martin Luther's movement?
It allowed his religious ideas to spread quickly throughout Europe and gain more supporters.
How were Martin Luther's and King Henry VIII's reasons for challenging the Catholic Church different?
Luther challenged the Church over religious beliefs and corruption, while Henry VIII wanted to end his marriage and gain control over religious matters in England.
How did the Council of Trent both reform and defend the Catholic Church?
It addressed corruption and improved the training of priests while reaffirming traditional Catholic beliefs and rejecting Protestant teachings.
Explain two major ways the Protestant Reformation permanently changed Europe.
It divided Western Christianity into Catholic and Protestant churches, weakened Catholic authority in some regions, increased the power of certain rulers, and contributed to religious conflicts.