Dictators/authoritarianism
Authoritarianism 3 (the one to really concentrate on)
What is a form of government that concentrates political power into the hands of a single leader (or a small elite) that is not responsible/answerable to the people?
How do dictators get power
What are they inherits it (whether by family ties or not-like CUB), as a puppet regime by a foreign power, a violent seizure of power (though it still needs some sort of public support), being installed by the military, and being elected in free and fair elections?
A paradox/danger of democracies
High efficiency/Long-time horizons/unpopularity
What is something that dictators have (the first 2) b/c they're not worried about losing the next election?
Consequences for relationships between government and their citizens
What are from how many people are chosen to rule, how they are chosen, and how they rule?
Pros of authoritarianism
What are stability and order in situations with a history of instability; efficient decision making, which can be advantageous in crises; social control-reduces crime and disorder and maintains social cohesion (tend to often be the cons of democracy)?
Some countries' view of democracy
What is they see it as a bad thing or as just one good thing out of many, including security (cf the Nazis, whom some people supported because they were anti-democracy)?
Dictatorship and democracy
How dictators maintain power
What is a debate between coercion and consent?
One scenario in which authoritarian leaders might be popular
What is where people see their decisive leadership style as better than slow-moving democracies and lead to more prestige abroad?
Cons of authoritarianism
What are lack of political freedom, human rights abuses (torture, censorship, political repression, lack of accountability (corruption, mismanagement, abuses of power), can exacerbate social and economic inequality b/c of lack of political representation, stifle innovation and creativity, cultural restrictions may be too strict, govt. not accountable (often tend to be the pros of democracy)?
Symbols
What are dictators try to use these (whether made up or not) to connect themselves with these that they hope will legitimize their rule?
Authoritarianism 1
What is a form of govt that is characterized by concentration of power in a single authority or group of people often without meaningful checks and balances and restricted political pluralism (newspapers, elimination of political dissent, suppress or eliminate opposition, reducing competitive elections) or civil liberties (freedom of speech, press, right to assemble), there is a weak rule of law, may use state controlled media, to do propaganda (censorship of other forms of media)?
Problems w/ dictatorships
What is there is limited representation, coercion is costly (intelligence and building prisons costs $) and risky (because dictatorships can have a lot of revolts if the the dictator passes policies that people don't like and the people can't resort to elections as a way to change things), fear suppresses reliable info (since when they want to do something and want to know whether it is favored by the populace or not, very few people will say that they oppose it for fear of losing their life) and innovation, and leaders face commitment problems?
2 types of authoritarianism
What are personalistic (1 undisputed leader of the regime, 1 person who calls the shots, one gets to be the next leader by cosying up most to the current leader, you don't have to worry much about what anyone wants but you, certainly not what your bosses want, since you have none; no one else knows who the next leader will be or even how he will be chosen and he generally won't even say lest people start kissing up to the to-be leader rather than the current one and then the upstart start thinking he's someone and so he might decide to take power now and that would create instability; exs. Putin, monarchies, Hitler, Kim Jong-Un) and bureaucratic (the leader is more a product of the party system/leadership than he is his own man, often beyond the power of any 1 person to engineer who the next leader will be, one gets to be the next leader by rising through the ranks, so more obvious who it will be, you have to be thinking about what your bosses/the party leaders would think about your actions b4 you do things, the leader is the leader of the bureacrcy but also the creature of it, exs. IRN, most Soviet leaders after Stalin, the Catholic cardinals that select the pope), with sometimes the personalistic type becoming a buearcartic type, esp after a "great leader" dies or retires; technically also a 3rd type, which is electoral authoritarianism/illiberal democracy/popular dictatorship bc it follows democratic procedures but then the way it uses its power is undemocratic and it blurs the boundary between democracy and dictatorship?
Circumstances of dictators' coming to power
What are usually being loved and telling the voters that democracy is at the root of their problems?
Dictators' accomplishments
What are sometimes restoring what the people want, such as security, prosperity, or secularism?
Dictarorships
What is in them often a small group of people getting together and making decisions?
Dictators
Who usually have at least some level of support?/have a lot of support for what they're doing/may even maintain power through public support though they still use coercion?
Dictatorship
What is having job security without accountability, no true electoral competition (including journalists or anyone else w/ the ability to challenge the regime) and they limit rights/civil liberties?
Authoritarianism 2
What is those that gain and maintain power through coercion, at least traditionally?
What democracy is about
What is for a lot of people the things that are "supposed to" come along with it such as liberal rights; as opposed to just being about who wins?
Stability of dictatorships
What is also in terms of having very few protests?
Juvenal
"Selectorate"
What is the group of people with meaningful say over public decisions, the group who ultimately selects that state policy will be?