Tunics (Veins and Arteries)
Which blood vessels have thicker walls?
Arteries
Which blood vessel supplies tissues and allows for perfusion to occur?
Capillaries
Blood leaving the left ventricle enters this major artery first.
Aorta
Blood returning from the body eventually enters the heart through these two large veins.
Superior and inferior vena cavae
What is the technical name of a vessel that connects 2 capillary beds in a series?
What are the two sublayers of the tunica media within arteries?
Which blood vessels contain one-way valves? And why?
Some larger veins require pumps because of low pressure and gravity.
Which three vessels branch from the aorta?
Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery
Which veins supply the left common iliac vein?
The left external and internal iliac veins.
This opening allows fetal blood to flow directly from the right atrium to the left atrium.
Foramen ovale
What two sublayers are typically absent in veins?
The internal elastic lamina/membrane and the external elastic lamina/membrane
What are the different types of arteries?
Elastic arteries, muscular arteries, and arterioles
Into which two arteries does the common carotid artery divide?
Internal carotid and external carotid arteries
What is the longest vein in the body? Does it run laterally or medially?
(Right and/or left) Great saphenous vein
It runs medially
What is the name of the arterial anastomosis that provides an alternative route for blood flow within the brain?
Cerebral arterial circulation (circle); Circle of Willis
How does the endothelium appear in arteries versus veins?
In arteries, the endothelium appears wavy due to the constriction of smooth muscle, and in veins, the endothelium appears smooth
Which blood vessels carry blood AWAY from the heart? And which ones carry blood TOWARDS the heart?
AWAY = arteries
TOWARDS = veins
Which artery supplies blood to the right medial and lateral plantar arches?
The right posterior tibial artery
Which vein in the body is typically used for phlebotomy practice? Phlebotomy is the act of drawing blood.
Name the three major shunts in fetal circulation.
Foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus, and the ductus venosus
What happens to the following when vasoconstriction occurs: blood pressure, blood flow (to the local tissue), and the lumen size?
Blood pressure: increases
Blood flow: decreases
Lumen size: decreases
What are the three different types of capillaries?
Sinusoidal, fenestrated, and continous
Which three vessels branch from the celiac trunk?
1) Left splenic artery; 2) Left gastric artery; 3) Common hepatic artery
Helpful mnemonic: SiLiaC ('celiac')
- Si: (left) splenic artery
- Lia: left gastric artery
- C: common hepatic artery
Which two veins supply the azygos vein?
Accessory hemiazygos vein and the hemiazygos vein
What is the artery that connects the left and right anterior cerebral arteries?
Anterior communicating artery