Genetics and Evolution
This term describes the observable characteristics of an individual, such as their eye color or height.
What is phenotype?
These structures receive information from other neurons and carry it toward the soma.
What are dendrites?
The class of neurotransmitters that GABA and glutamate belong to.
What are amino acids?
The early embryonic structure that develops into the CNS.
What is the neural tube?
Phineas Gage is important to neuroscience because his case showed evidence that damage to this part of the brain affects our personality.
What is the frontal lobe?
An individual who has two identical alleles for a particular genes is described as having this type of genotype.
What is homozygous?
A neuron at -70 mV that has not reached threshold is in this state.
What is resting membrane potential?
Dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin belong to this chemical class.
What are amines?
The process in which new neurons are generated.
A neuron receiving a signal moving its membrane potential from -70 mV to -50 mV is undergoing this postsynaptic potential.
What is an EPSP?
Santiago Ramon y Cajal's theory that the nervous system is made up of individual cells rather than one continuous network.
What is the neuron doctrine?
During this phase of action potential, the membrane potential becomes more positive as sodium ions enter the neuron.
What is depolarization?
A receptor that directly opens an ion channel when a neurotransmitter binds to it.
What is an ionotropic receptor?
The process in which neurons move from where they are generated to their appropriate locations in the developing nervous system.
What is migration?
A scientist is studying a drug that binds to a receptor and directly opens an ion channel, with the drug acting on this receptor.
What is an ionotropic receptor?
This concept involves a person's genes influencing their potential for a particular trait, but their environment influences how that trait is expressed.
What is range of reaction?
An action potential goes through this process by traveling along a myelinated axon by jumping from one gap in the myelin sheath to the next.
What is saltatory conduction?
A receptor that produces an effect through a G-protein rather than directly opening an ion channel.
What is a metabotropic receptor?
The creation of connections between neurons by forming synapses.
What is synaptogenesis?
The process of a developing nervous system experiencing the death of some neurons.
What is apoptosis?
A researcher observes that environmental experiences can influence gene expression by changing how DNA is packaged proteins known as histones, without changing the DNA sequence itself is known as this concept.
What is epigenetics?
The type of postsynaptic potential where a neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron and makes the neuron less likely to reach threshold.
These chemical messengers are released into the bloodstream and can act on distant parts of the body.
What are hormones?
The process of removing synapses that are not useful/efficient based on specific experiences of the individual.
What is synaptic pruning?
Put the following processes into order:
Synaptogenesis, pruning, migration, neurogenesis.
What is
Neurogenesis -> migration -> synaptogenesis -> pruning?