Chapter 1
The study of how the brain and biological systems influence our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in social situations.
What is social neuroscience?
These are shared expectations about how people should behave in a particular group or situation.
What are norms?
These are mental reactions that are usually brief and involve changes in how we feel and respond to events.
What are emotions?
This refers to the way people think and know about and themselves, such as their strengths and weaknesses.
What is self-concept?
This concept involves feeling that individuals to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events.
What is Attitude?
A researcher defines aggression as “the number of times a participant insults another person during a 10-minute interaction.”
What is an operational definition?
This type of mental process requires conscious attention and effort, such as carefully thinking through a decision.
What is a controlled process?
This brain structure plays an important role in processing emotions such as fear.
What is the amygdala?
These are the different roles and characteristics that make up how a person defines themselves, such as being a student, athlete, or friend.
What are identities?
Negative or positive attitude that is below our conscious awareness
What is Implicit Bias?
In an experiment testing whether sleep affects test performance, the researcher measures students’ test scores. What is the test score?
What is the dependent variable (DV)?
In Social Learning Theory, this process involves actually performing or imitating a behavior that a person has observed.
What is reproduction?
This part of the autonomic nervous system helps the body calm down and return to its normal state after stress.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
After receiving a low exam grade, Maya compares her score with a classmate who scored even lower and feels better about her own performance.
What is downward social comparison?
An attitude that is below our conscious awareness.
What is Implicit (or Implicit Attitude)?
In an experiment, a researcher changes whether participants receive positive or negative feedback.
What is manipulation?
After meeting someone who is very attractive, a person assumes they are also friendly, intelligent, and successful.
What is the halo effect?
oving to a new city, starting college, getting married, or losing a job are examples of these events that can affect stress levels.
What are significant life changes?
Comparing our current self to our past or future self.
What is Temporal?
This is how likely you want to engage in a behavior?
What is intentions?
A researcher collects data by observing participants and measuring their behavior rather than relying on personal opinions.
What is empirical.
Jordan loves spicy food and assumes that most of their classmates also enjoy spicy food.
What is the false consensus bias?
In the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), this is the first stage of the stress response, when the body activates its response such as fight-or-flight.
What is the alarm reaction?
Feeling like you are not as capable or qualified as others believe you are.
What is Imposter Syndrome?
The discomfort of two thoughts clashing is known as...
What is Dissonance?