Depression
What are the 3 major types of depression?
Major Depressive Disorder
Dysthymic Disorder
Depressive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified
What does GAD stand for?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Which neurotransmitter do most antipsychotic drugs target?
Dopamine
What are the 2 most common types of dementia?
Alzheimer's Disease
Vascular Dementia
What are the 2 conditions that Duloxetine (Cymbalta) can treat?
Major Depressive Disorder
Neuropathy (Nerve Pain)
What is the most commonly prescribed drug class in treating depression, accounting for 50% of all antidepressants prescribed?
SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor)
What drug class is used in treating anxiety and panic that is not used in treating depression?
Benzodiazepines (BZDs)
What is the difference between positive and negative symptoms of Schizophrenia?
Positive - Things added to character (hallucinations, delusions)
Negative - Things removed from character (Emotional responsiveness, enthusiasm)
How is dementia diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based on medical history, physical exam, laboratory tests, and changes in thinking, day-to-day function, and behavior
What are the "good" side effects of Mirtazapine as mentioned in the lecture?
Weight Gain and Sedation
How long does it usually take for antidepressants to reach their full effect?
6 to 8 weeks for full response (3 to 4 weeks to see partial response)
Name the 2 short acting benzodiazepines emphasized in the lecture
Lorazepam (Ativan), Alprazolam (Xanax)
Which generation of antipsychotics are more commonly used, and name a few medications from this class
Second Generation "Atypical" Antipsychotics
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Quetiapine (Seroquel)
Which neurotransmitter is mainly involved when treating dementia/Alzheimer's disease?
Acetylcholine
Which medication can be used to help with smoking cessation as well as treat depression?
Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban**)
What are the most common side effects of SSRIs?
Nausea/Vomiting/Diarrhea
Headache
Somnolonce/Fatigue/Weight Gain
Sexual Dysfunction (30-70% of patients)
Name the 2 long acting benzodiazepines emphasized in the lecture
Diazepam (Valium), Clonazepam (Klonopin)
What is the "Gold-Standard" medication for treating bipolar disorder?
Lithium (Eskalith)
Name the 3 most commonly prescribed cholinesterase inhibitors
Donepezil (Aricept)
Rivastigmine (Exelon)
Galantamine (Razadyne)
What class of medications can cause EPS (Extrapyramidal Side Effects)
Antipsychotics (1st generation more likely than 2nd generation)
Name a medication in the SSRI class
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Paroxetine (Paxil)
Sertraline (Zoloft)Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
Citalopram (Celexa)
Escitalopram (Lexapro)
What drug is nearly as effectives as benzodiazepines in treating GAD, but is non-addictive and has minimal side effects?
Buspirone (Buspar)
What mediation used in the treatment of bipolar disorder can cause Steven Johnson's Syndrome?
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
**Risk is increased if drug is used in too high of a dose, titrated too quickly, or used alongside other medications like valproic acid (Depakote)
Which medication is approved by the FDA to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer's?
What class of medications can reduce anxiety and panic within 30 minutes?
Benzodiazepines
Lorazepam
Ativan
Diazepam
Clonazepam