History
This historical figure, often referred to as the "Father of Psychoanalysis," made significant contributions to our understanding of psychological disorders.
Freud
deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns
What is a psychological disorder
Sarah is a college student who constantly feels overwhelmed by worry. She frets about her grades, her social life, her family's health, and even the future job market. Her mind is often racing with "what if" scenarios, making it hard for her to focus on anything else. She experiences persistent tension, restlessness, and finds it challenging to control her anxious thoughts.
GAD
In 3000 BCE, what were psychological disorders a result of? (hint, trepanning)
Demons, and evil spirits
The repetitive behaviors or mental acts that individuals with OCD feel compelled to perform in response to their obsessions are known as these.
What are compulsions?
John is at a shopping mall when suddenly he experiences an intense surge of fear. His heart starts racing, he feels shortness of breath, and he begins to sweat profusely. John is convinced he’s having a heart attack and rushes to the emergency room. After a thorough examination, doctors confirm it was a panic attack. He lives in fear of another sudden attack, which affects his daily life and activities.
panic disorder
In the 1800’s, disturbed people were no longer thought of as madmen, but as ____
mentally ill
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) often involves intrusive thoughts known as these, which cause significant distress to the individual experiencing them.
What are obsessions?
Emily has an intense fear of spiders, known as arachnophobia. Even a picture of a spider or a brief mention of them sends her into a state of panic. She goes to great lengths to avoid places where spiders might be present and refuses to enter any room where she suspects a spider might lurk. This fear significantly disrupts her life and limits her activities.
Phobia
Discuss the biopsychosocial model and how it provides a holistic understanding of mental disorders
The biopsychosocial model acknowledges that biological, psychological, and social factors all contribute to an individual's mental health. For example, genetics (biological) can predispose someone to anxiety, while psychological factors like personality traits or coping mechanisms, as well as social factors like upbringing or societal stigma, also play roles in mental health.
One criticism of the DSM-5
What is the risk of stigma and labeling due to DSM-5 diagnostic categories
Mark has an intense fear of germs. He spends hours each day washing his hands, often until they're red and raw. He feels immense distress if he touches something he perceives as dirty. Additionally, Mark is fixated on symmetry and order. He arranges items meticulously and becomes extremely anxious if something is out of place. These obsessions and compulsions significantly disrupt his daily life and relationships.
OCD
The move toward the Psychodynamic Approach brought with it various methods of treating mental health, including :
psychoanalysis, hypnosis, dream analysis
After serving in the military, Sarah experiences vivid and distressing flashbacks of combat situations. She often wakes up in the middle of the night, drenched in sweat, reliving the traumatic events she faced during her deployment. Even seemingly innocuous noises trigger a heightened state of alertness and panic in her. Sarah avoids crowded places and becomes emotionally distant from loved ones due to her constant hypervigilance.
PTSD