EWT Spread 1
The definition of a leading question.
What is a question that suggests a certain answer?
The negative affect anxiety has on recall.
What is making it harder to focus on important cues during the event?
The definition of "Report Everything" in context to the Cognitive Interview.
What is encouraging the witness to list every detail no matter the relevancy
The reason why Police forces altering the Cognitive interview to their liking is an issue.
What is the fact it makes it harder to assess?
The type of interview where you tell someone to return to the context of the memory.
What is the Cognitive Interview?
The communication between witnesses affecting the accuracy of their memory.
The findings from Yuille et al's study.
What is the fact that higher anxiety leads to higher accuracy?
!Daily Double! The 4 components of the Cognitive Interview.
What are Report Everything, Reinstate Context, Reverse the Order and Change Perspective?
The argument that Zaragoza made against the lab studies of Loftus that reduces their validity.
What is the fact that the studies suffer from demand characteristics?
The definition of Tunnel Theory.
What is when a witness can only focus on an object of high anxiety as opposed to other important cues?
The definition of the substitution explanation in leading questions.
What is when a question changes the memory of a witness?
The procedure carried out by Johnson and Scott.
The type of interview created from research on the Cognitive Interview.
What is the Self-Administered Interview?
The issue with the inverted U theory.
What is the fact it ignores other factors affecting anxiety i.e cognitive and biological?
Techniques implemented by Fisher in the Enhanced Cognitive Interview to improve it.
What is knowing when to establish Eye contact and when to relinquish it or reducing distractions during the interview?
The percent of participants who recalled incorrectly in Gabbert's study.
What is 71%?
The positive and negative of Christianson et al's research.
What is the fact it serves as evidence for anxiety having positive effects (high stress=high accuracy) but they were unable to control any EVs (PED) as the study was 4 months later.
The combination of 2 components that was stronger than 4 all together.
What are report everything and reinstate context?
What is the fact that "witness separation" is now recommended by the UK police?
Who is Janat Parker?
The research Kemp conducted that supports Post-Event Discussion
What is showing participants a video then showing them misinfo surrounding that video, finally asking the participants a week later to recall aspects of the video
The two ways of measuring anxiety explained and why they might be a problem.
What are objective measuring where the physiological changes are measured and subjective measuring where the feelings of the participant is measured, they may be an issue as sometimes they do not match suggesting that the measurement of anxiety is an EV?
The amount of studies Kohnken meta-analysed (+- 5)and the finding from the study
What are 55 studies and 41% increase in participant accuracy?
The new construct that can disrupt witness memory as opposed to standard Post-Event Discussion.
What is Social Media?
The year the Cognitive Interview was made by Fisher and Geiselman.
What is the year 1992?