History of Psych
Before psychology became its own scientific discipline, questions about the mind were primarily studied within this field.
What is Philosophy?
This region of the brain is responsible for decision making, problem solving, and doesn't fully develop until around age 26
What is the Pre Frontal Cortex?
Behavior intended to benefit another individual
The false feeling that a current experience has happened before.
What is déjà vu?
This discredited practice claimed that personality and mental abilities could be determined by examining bumps on a person's skull.
What is Phrenology?
This foundational Viennese psychologist pioneered the idea of the Id, Ego, and Superego
Who is Sigmund Freud?
This lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing visual information
What is the Occipital Lobe?
The tendency for the presence of others to reduce an individual's likelihood of helping someone in need.
What is The Bystander Effect?
The process of taking information into memory so it can be later stored and retrieved.
What is encoding?
This infamous psychosurgical procedure involved severing connections in the brain's frontal lobes and was once widely used to treat mental illness.
What is a lobotomy?
This famous 1848 accident involved an iron rod passing through a railway worker's skull.
What is the case of Phineas Gage?
This region of the brain is implicated in emotional responses, namely fear
What is the Amygdala?
The tendency for repeated exposure to something to increase one's liking for it.
What is the Mere-Exposure Effect?
The tendency to seek, interpret, and remember information in ways that support one's existing beliefs.
What is Confirmation Bias?
This discredited practice attempted to change a person's sexual orientation through psychological or behavioral interventions.
What is conversion therapy?
First published in 1952, this manual standardized the classification and diagnosis of mental disorders in the US.
What is the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)?
This region of the brain is involved in memory
What is the Hippocampus?
The psychological discomfort caused by behaving in a way that conflicts with one's beliefs.
What is cognitive dissonance?
The tendency to continue investing resources in something because of resources already spent, even when continuing is no longer beneficial.
What is the Sunk-Cost Fallacy?
Participants in this famous series of studies were instructed to administer increasingly powerful apparent electric shocks to another person in order to study obedience.
What are the Milgram obedience experiments?
This school of psychology rejected the study of unobservable mental processes and argued that psychology should focus on observable actions
What is Behaviorism?
This fatty substance surrounds many axons and increases the speed at which neural signals travel
What is Myelin?
The tendency for people to overestimate how much others notice their appearance, behaviors, or mistakes.
What is the Spotlight Effect?
The tendency for emotionally significant events to produce unusually vivid and detailed memories.
What is Flashbulb Memory?
This controversial prison simulation assigned college students to the roles of guards and prisoners and was ultimately terminated mid-study.
What is the Stanford Prison Experiment?